土木工程地质双语试题答案B.docVIP

土木工程地质（双语）试题B(标准答案) 一．填空题（每空2分，共计50分） 1.relative dating methods:(strata superposition method)、（fossil succession method）、 （the method of rock layers contact relation）。 2. According to the Silica Content and Mineral Composition（Acid Igneous Rocks）、 （Intermediate Igneous Rocks）、 （Basic Igneous Rocks）。 3.the influencing factors of soils formation ：（parent material）、 （time）、 （climate） 、（atmospheric composition ）、（topography）、 （organisms）、 4．According to the medium of containing water （Karst water）、（Fracture water）、（Pore water）。 5. The slope influence factor can be considered as the factors which have the contribution to the change of safety factor (K) ：（slope appearance ）、（rock and soils properties）、（structure）、 （water）、（earthquakes）、（artificial factors）。 7.the prevention method that the Karst cave must be treated with following methods：(filling with rock or concrete in cave)、（surmounting the cave）、（ pouring concrete or gravel with borehole）、（pile foundation）。 二．名词解释（每个2分，共计20分） 1. Engineering geology is about applying all branches of the geosciences to assure the safety, efficiency, and economy of engineering and environ mental projects. 2．outer-dynamics geological action： dynamic source is from the sun , gravity, attraction force between sun and moon. 3．Soils are porous natural materials composed of inorganic and organic matter, soils are the end product from weathering rocks. 4.Alluvial soils are the results of river geological Action. 5.The unconformity mean there is a break in sedimentation, a period of erosion or an episode of deformation, 6.Folds result from the plastic deformation of rocks at low strain-rates, usually under elevated temperature and pressure conditions. 7.Joints are discontinuities on which there has been little or no displacement in shear 8.Groundwater is that part of water which exits in the space of rock’s, soil’ pore below ground surface. 9. landslide；The soil or rock body slide down along the fixed sliding surface on the actio