干扰我国人工草地生态系统的主要影响因素研究.pdfVIP

, Journal ofAn uiAgr.i Sci. 2011, 39( 25): 15600- 15602 朱琼琼 卢瑶 田育红 (, 100875) [目的]明确影响人工草地生态系统的关键因素[方法]在参阅大量前人研究工 基础上, 从播种方式放牧强度种植时限和 施肥 4 个方面进行总结分析它们对人工草地生态系统的影响[结果]混播方式比单播方式更有利于资源利用率和生态系统健康, 而单 播或隔行混播对增加土壤有机碳要比同行混播更为有利, 同时隔行混播的草地产生的牧草产量要大于同行混播的草地, 牧草产量最低 的为单播草地; 轻度和中度放牧有利于维持牧草的高产和高质以及草地的可持续发展, 重度放牧则导致草地的退化; 种植时限对植被群 落结构和土壤理化性质的影响则具明显区域差异; 长期施肥可有效提高土壤的有机碳含量以及牧草的产量和质量, 但确定特定区域特 定牧草的施肥量施肥类型和比例是施肥效应发挥 用的关键[结论]在进行人工草地种植时, 要合理利用各因素的正面效应, 有效控 制人为干扰的深度和广度, 避免或减弱负面 用的影响, 为人工草地的高产稳产打下良好的基础 人工草地; 植被群落组成; 土壤理化性质; 主要影响因素 X 171. 1 A 0517- 6611( 2011) 25- 15600- 03 Research on theMain Factors on theEcosystem of ArtificialGrassland in China TIAN Yu-hong ( StateKey Laboratory of Eart Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, BeijingNorm alUniversity, Beijing 100875) Abstract [ Objective] In order to ac ieve ig quality and productivity of artificial grassland, it is necessary to exp lore main factors, w ic ig ly influence t e grassland ecosystem. [M et ods] Based on former studies, t is paper assessed t e mi pacts of different factors suc as so- w ing types, grazing intensity, planting period and fertilization on t e vegetation community and soil p ysical and c em ical c aracteristics of t e artificial grassland in C ina. [ Results] T e results indicated t a:t m ix ed sow ing is superior to single sow ing w en considering mi proving re- sources utility and ecosystem ealt; single seeding or inter-linem ixed sow ing are superior to one-lie sow ing w en considering increasing soil organ ic carbon; t e sequence for different sow ing types to en ance grassland production is: inter-linem ixed sow ing one- line sow ing sin- gle sow ing. W en considering grazing intensity, it is assumed t at grazing w it lig t and median intensity is superior tomaintain ig produc- tivity and ig quality of forbs, and sustainability development of grassland. H eavy grazing intensity may lead to grassland degradati