机械毕业设计（论文）-阀体加工工艺规程及其钻孔的夹具.doc

摘 要 本次设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及机床夹具设计、金属切削机床、公差配合与测量等多方面的知识。 阀体加工工艺规程及其钻孔的夹具设计是包括零件加工的工艺设计、工序设计以及专用夹具的设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺再设计出毛坯的结构，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量；然后进行专用夹具的设计，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件、引导元件、夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并在以后设计中注意改进。 关键词：工艺、工序、切削用量、夹紧、定位、误差。 Abstract This design content has involved the machine manufacture craft and the engine bed jig design, the metal-cutting machine tool, the common difference coordination and the survey and so on the various knowledge. Body process planning and drilling fixture was designed to include part machining process design, process design, and dedicated fixture design of three parts. In process design, analysis of the part must first understand the parts of the process re-engineering the structure of a blank, and select a good part of the processing of the base to design parts process route; followed by the various working steps on the part of the procedures for the size of the calculation, the key is to determine the various stages of work out of process equipment and cutting consumption; then dedicated fixture design, selection of design out of all the component parts fixture, such as the positioning components, clamping components, guiding elements, the specific folder connection with the machine parts and other components; calculate the positioning fixture positioning error generated, analysis fixture structure is reasonable and deficiencies, and attention to improving the design in the future. Keywords: The craft, the working procedure, the cutting specifications, clamp, the localization, the error 第1章 绪论 1.1课题背景 随着科学技术的发展，各种新材料、新工艺和新技术不断涌现，机械制造工艺正向着高质量、高生产率和低成本方向发展。各种新工艺的出现，已突破传统的依靠机械能、切削力进行切削加工的范畴，可以加工各种难加工材料、复杂的型面和某些具有特殊要求的零件。数控机床的问世，提高了更新频率的小批量零件和形状复杂的零件加工的生产率及加工精度。特别是计算方法和计算机技术的迅速发展，极大地推动了机械加工工艺的进步，使工艺过程的自动化达到了一个新的阶段。 “工欲善其事，必先利其器。” 工具是人类文明进步的标志。自20世纪末期以来，现代制造技术与机械制造工艺自动化都有了长足的发展。但工具（含夹具、刀具、量具与辅具等）在不断的革新中，其功能仍然十分显著。机床夹具对零件加工的质量、生产率和产品成本都有着直接的影响。因