高速铁路车轮钢组织细化和对韧性的影响研究.pdfVIP

（1）先进钢铁材料 高速铁路车轮钢组织细化及对韧性的影响研究 吴斯, 李秀程, 尚成嘉 （北京科技大学材料科学学院, 北京, 100083 ） 摘 要 ：随着高铁在中国以及世界的快速发展，提高车速和安全运行对车轮性能特别是韧性 指标提出更高的要求。本研究将Nb 微合金元素添加到中碳钢中，在不同的热处理工艺下得 到不同形貌和比例的铁素体-珠光体组织，作为实验研究材料。 对不同Nb 含量的中碳钢进行连续冷却转变实验（CCT ），在快冷速下（15℃/s ）含Nb 钢能够得到稳定的铁素体-珠光体组织，晶粒尺寸细小并且分布均匀。通过 Image-Pro Plus 软件对金相组织的晶粒尺寸和铁素体比例进行定量统计发现，Nb 的加入促进铁素体在奥氏 体晶界和晶内形核长大，含Nb 钢中铁素体分布均匀，晶粒明显细化。进一步通过SEM 对 样品进行观察，发现在含Nb 钢的铁素体相中有Nb 析出物存在，形状为球形略方，尺寸在 50~100nm 范围内，弥散分布于铁素体相内，成为诱导铁素体形核的位置。对正火态下的样 品进行力学性能的检测表明，由于钢中Nb 元素的添加，在保证强度性能不变的同时，-20℃ 低温冲击韧性有明显提高。 关键词：铁路车轮钢；铁素体-珠光体；CCT ；析出物 The study of microstructure refinement and effect on the toughness in high-speed railway wheel steel WU Si, LI Xiucheng, SHANG Chengjia (School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083) Abstract: With the rapid development of high -speed railway in the world, it’s more important to improve the mechanical properties, especially toughness, of railway wheel to ensure the high speed and safe driving. In different heat treatments, Nb micro-alloying element was added to the medium-high carbon steels as the experimental material with different morphology of ferrite-pearlite, The transition temperatures of different coolin g r ates were m easured by CCT exp eriment s. In the fast coolin g rate (15℃/s), the microstructure of Nb-bearing microalloyed steel was small and uniform ferrite-pearlite. The Nb microalloyed element promoted the nucleat ion and growth of ferrite in the grain boundary and intragranular position. The typical microstructures were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electr