从人类学看生态文明.pdfVIP

从人类学看生态文明 尹绍亭 （云南大学，昆明 650091 ） 摘要：本文依据人类学观点，从三个方面阐释生态文明。首先，说生态文明必须认识人类与自然的基本关系—— 人类对自然的认知和适应，即文化适应是生态文明的根基。其次，说生态文明必须强调文化的多样性：应该充分 认识文明差异的价值和意义，尊重多元并存的生态文明；文明是相互影响、相互学习、相互渗透、相互融合的， 一个民族良好生态文明的育成，往往是兼收并蓄的结果。第三，和谐共生，即“各美其美，美人之美，美美与共， 天下大同” 是生态文明的核心理念。 关键词：生态文明；文化适应；文化多样性；和谐共生 Anthropological Ecological Civilization YIN Shaoting (Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China) Abstract: From the anthropological point of view, this paper expounded the ecological civilization from three aspects. Firstly, that ecological civilization must recognize the basic relationship between human and nature – human’s cognition of natural and adaptation, and the cultural adaptation is the foundation of ecological civilization. Secondly, that ecological civilization must emphasize the diversity of culture: should fully understand the value and significance of cultural differences, respect the coexistence of multiple ecological civilization; civilization is the mutual influence, mutual learning, mutual penetration and fusion, a national ecological civilization education, is often the result of swallow anything and everything. A good ecological civilization of a nation is often the result of eclectic. Third, harmony and coexistence is the core concept of ecological civilization. Keywords: ecological civilization, cultural adaptation, cultural diversity, harmonious coexistence 党的十八大报告指出“建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。”建设生态文明， “必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建 设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国，实现中华民族永续发展。”同 时要“坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针，着力推进 绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展，形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式。” 生态文明的培育，涉及社会各个领域，需要全体国民的积极行动，也需要理论界和学术界的努力研究和宣 传。而从人类学的角度讨论生态文明，以下几点认识也许是不可