节水灌溉条件下乌龙茶需水规律及灌溉定额研究.pdfVIP

, J urnal f AnhuiA gri. Sc.i 2010, 38( 35) : 20000- 20002 高晓余 李岩 1 1 2 3 1 吴端普 , 吴亚雄 , 洪秀勤 , 瓯美丽 , 吴天恩 ( 1. , 362000; 2. , 362000; 3. , 362000) [目的] 探讨乌龙茶节水灌溉的需水规律及其水分利 效率[方法] 以 2年生铁观音茶树为试验材料, 研究微喷灌节水灌溉方 式下乌龙茶的需水规律灌溉水量有效降雨量以及节水灌溉定额[结果] 5月7~ 10月是乌龙茶的需水量高峰期, 占全年需水量的 59. 15% 1983~ 2009年乌龙茶节水灌溉定额为 551. 4 mm, 降雨有效利 率 33%; 其中大雨中雨和小雨的有效利 率分别为 17% 50%和 77% 随着降雨量的增加, 乌龙茶需水量下降, 降雨有效利 量增加, 而降雨有效利 率下降[结论] 乌龙茶的最佳灌溉量是 40~ 50 cm 土层的土壤湿度达到 75% 时的田间持水量乌龙茶生长需水关键期 7~ 10月, 适宜的灌水定额 21. 0 mm, 灌水次数 10~ 15 次, 灌水周期 8~ 12 d 乌龙茶; 节水灌溉; 需水规律; 灌溉定额; 灌溉制度 S 571. 1 A 0517- 6611( 2010) 35- 20000- 03 W ater-demand Regulations and Irrigation Program ofO longTea under Condition ofWater-saving Irrigation System WU Duan-pu et a l ( Irr igati n Exper mi ent Statiuns fQuan zh u C ity in Fuzh u P r vince, Quanzh u, Fu jian 36200) Abstract [ Objective] The ami was t investigatewater-demand regulati ns andwater use efficiencies under different irrigati n systems f - l ng tea. [M eth d] Tak ing 2 years ld T ie Guany in tea (Cam ellia sinensis ( L. ) O. Kuntze) as test materials, water-demand regulati ns f the l ng tea, irr igati n water am unt, effective rainfall and the scale fw ater-saving irr igati n under the meth d f m icr -irrigati n w ere studied. [ R esult] The results sh wed thatM ay, July t Oct berw ere the peak water demand f O l ng tea, acc unting f r annual water de- mand f 59. 15% . Under c ntr lling irr igati n system, the irrigati n qu ta was 551. 4 mm, and the t tal rainfall utilizati n efficiency was 33% fr m 1983 t 2009. The rainfallutilizati n efficiency f heavy, m iddle and light rainw ere 17% , 50% and 77% respectively. W ith the increas- ing f rainfal,l thewater-demand am unt was decreasing, the rainfall utilizati n am unt was increasing, but the rainfall utilizati n efficiency was decreasing. [ C nclusi n]