毕业设计（论文）-单立柱钻铣床NC系统设计.doc

摘 要 数控机床集计算机技术、电子技术、自动控制、传感测量、机械制造、网络通信技术于一体，是典型的机电一体化产品,它的发展和运用,开创了制造业的新时代,改变了制造业的生产方式、产业结构、管理方式,使世界制造业的格局发生了巨大变化。数控机床也称数字程序控制机床，是一种以数字作为指令信息形式，通过电子计算机或专用电子计算机装置控制的机床。数控机床主要包括机械系统和数控系统两大部分。数控系统的自动化程度是区别数控机床和其他普通机床的主要参数。数字控制具有较大的灵活性，能够实现对复杂零件的高精度加工。 本文针对单立柱数控钻铣床的数控系统进行改造，数控系统是数控机床的控制部分，数控系统主要包括CNC装置、主轴及进给伺服驱动装置，以及主轴电动机、进给电动机和与其相关的检测反馈元件。为了达到一定的精度要求，本次设计采用了环。用直流服电机做部件使用A/D转换器将数字信号转换成模拟信号，再通过来控制电机；采用编码器作为速检测件来构成精度较高的半闭环控制用数字化信号对机床运动及其加工过程进行控制，推动了机床自动化的发展。数控机床能够解决普通机床难于胜任的Abstract It was representative electromechanical integration product, its extend and handle, initiate know clearly manufacturing epoch, transfer know clearly manufacturing churn, industrial structure, supervisor mode, dispose world manufacturing structure occur know clearly greatness chang to out into numerically-controlled machine multitude computer technology, electronics, auto control, transducer measure, machine manufacturing, internet work communication teachnology to oneness. NC machine, also called digital program control machine, is a form of digital information as a command by a computer or dedicated computer-controlled machine tool equipment. NC machine includes the mechanical system and the numerical control system two parts. The degree of automation of NC system is main parameters between NC machine and other general machine tools. Digital control is more flexible, able to achieve high-precision machining of complex parts. This paper aimed at reforming the CNC system of NC drilling and milling machine. Numerical control system includes CNC equipment, spindle, feed servo drives, spindle motor, feed motor and associated feedback devices detected. MCU was used as the control unit in the design process, along with a limited level control, keyboard and display and a series of related interface design, in order to achieve the effect of digital control. Meanwhile, in order to achieve a certain degree of accuracy, the present design of the feed servo system uses the open-loop control. DC servo