Cd对水稻根尖细胞的遗传损伤效应.pdfVIP

农业环境科学学报 2008，27(6)：2303—2307 JournalofAgroE·nvironmentScience Cd对水稻根尖细胞的遗传损伤效应 何俊瑜 -，一，任艳芳 ，朱 诚 ，蒋德安 (1．贵州大学农学院，贵州 贵阳 550025；2．浙江大学生命科学学院，浙江 杭州 310058) 摘 要：以水稻(Oryz。sativ。L．)为材料，研究了不同浓度 Cd对根尖细胞的遗传损伤作用。结果表明，随着 cd浓度增加和处理时间 延长，水稻幼苗根尖细胞有丝分裂指数明显降低 ；4个时期相 比，cd对中期的影响最小。微核率随着cd胁迫浓度的增加和时间的 延长而增加，但浓度过高时，微核率反而有所降低；此外，Cd能诱发根尖细胞染色体畸变，染色体畸变率随着 cd处理浓度的增加和 处理时间的延长而升高，呈现明显的剂量一效应和时间一效应关系。以上结果表明，cd可引起水稻根尖细胞有丝分裂抑制和染色体 损伤，具有明显的遗传毒性。 关键词：水稻；cd；根尖；有丝分裂指数 ；微核率；染色体畸变率 中图分类号：X503．231 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672—2043(2008)06—2303一O5 CytogeneticDamageInducedbyCadmium inRice(Oryzasa~vaL．)RootTips HEJun-yu．_，RENYan-fang，ZHUCheng，JIANGDe—an (1．CollegeofAgriculture，GuizhouUniversity，Guiyang550025，China；2．CollegeofLifeScience，ZhejiangUniversity，Hangzhou310058， China) Abstract：Cadmium (Cd)isoneofthemosttoxicpollutantsinthesoil，whichcanlimitplantgrowthandcropproductivity．Inordertoex- plorethecytogeneticdamageinducedbycadmiumonrice(OryzasativaL．)roottipscells，theroottipsweretreatedwithdifferentconcentra- tionsofcadmiumfor24h，48hand72h，andthemitosisindex，cellcycle，the~equencyofmicronucleusandchromosomalaberrationswere determined．TheresultsshowedthemitoticindexinroottipcellsofriceseedlingsweresignificantlydecreasedwiththeincreaseofCdcon— centrationsandtreatmentduration．Cadmium hadtheleasteffectsonthemetaphasecellratiosamongfourphasesduringthemitosis．Thefre— quenciesofmicronucleusincreasedwiththeincreaseofCdconcentrationsandtreatmentduration；However．beyondconcentrationof75 Ixmol·L～，cadmiumrestrainedthefrequenciesofmicronncleus．Moreover,highfrequenciesofchromosomalaberrationsofroottipcellsinrice seedlingswereproducedbyCd，andthechromosomalaberrationfrequencieswereincreasedintreatedtime—responseanddose—response manners．Theresultsofthepresentstudyindicatedthatcadmium couldinhibitthemitosisanddamagethechromosomesofrootmeristematic cellsofriceseedlings，suggestingthatcadmiumhadclearcytogenetictoxiceffectsonplantcells． Keywords：rice；cadmium；roottip；mitosisindex；frequenc