自动化专业英语（第三版）教学课件lesson2.2.PPT

尚辅网 尚辅网 尚辅网 2. Level Formulas The liquid level is then calculated from the weight of a body in a liquid WL, which is equal to its weight in air (WA-B), from which we get The weight of a container can be used to calculate the level of the material in the container. In Figure 2.2.1(a) the volume V of the material in the container is given by V=area×depth=πr2×d Where r is the radius of the container and d is the depth of the material. * 因此，液体的液位可以通过物体在液体中的重量WL计算得出，其中WL等于物体在空气中的重量(WA-B), 由该关系我们得出上式 连续容器的重量可以被用来计算容器中材料的液位。在 图形2.2.1(a)中，容器中材料的体积V可以表示为 V=area×depth=πr2×d 其中r表示容器的半径，d表示材料的深度。 尚辅网 2. Level Formulas The weight of material W in a container is given by W=γV Capacitive probes (电容电极) can be used in nonconductive (非导电的) liquids and free flowing solids for level mesurement. Many materials, when placed between the plates of a capacitor, increase the capacitance by a factor μ called the dielectric constant (介电常数) of the material. For instance, air has a dielectric constant of 1 and water 80. Figure 2.2.1(b) shows two capacitor plates partially immersed in a nonconductive liquid. The capacitance (Cd) is given by * 电容电极可以用于非导电液体和自由流动固体的液面测量. 许多材料被放置于电容板之间时，以因子μ来增加电容量， μ被称作该材料的介电常数. 比如，空气的介电常数为1，水的介电常数为80. 图2.2.1(b)表示了部分浸入非导电液体的两个电容板. 尚辅网 2. Level Formulas Where Ca=capacitance with no liquid μ=dielectric constants of the liquid between the plates r=height of the plates d=depth or level of the liquid between the plates There are large variations in dielectric constant with temperature so that temperature correction may be needed. In Eq.(2.2.6) the liquid level is given by * 其中，Ca表示没有液体时的电容， μ表示电容板之间液体的介电常数，r表示电容板的高度，d表示电容板之间液体的液面或深度。 介电常数会随着温度的变化而发生较大的改变，因此需要 进行温度校正。 尚辅网 3. Level Sensing Devices There are two categories of level sensing devices. They are direct sensing, in which case the actual level is monitored, and indirect sensing where a property of the liquid such as pressure is sensed to de