新托福问题题型之推论类.doc

新托福推论类 朗阁托福考试研究中心 推论类问题Inference Questions，这种问题题型是新托福每次必考题型，题量不是很多，通常每篇文章0-2个左右。朗阁专家带考生们具体了解一下这种题型及其解题方法。这类问题主要考察考生对文章中一个观点或立场的理解程度，而这种观点或立场是作者在文章中强烈暗示但并没有明确阐明的。比如说，如果文章陈述了一个事件的结果，那么推论类问题就很可能问考生其原因是什么；如果文章出现对比，那么此类问题就可能问考生其对比的基础是什么。 注意：解答此类问题时，考生不仅需要理解作者所写出句子的字面意思，还必须搞清楚这些句子之间的逻辑性暗示。正确答案一定是从文章已给出内容推论出来的。 读题干，确定问题类型 选择问题中的关键词或关键短语作为定位信息 浏览指定段落，利用定位信息确定原文中的对应内容 仔细阅读并且理解原文中的对应内容，直接确定答案或者利用排除法确定答案。 注意：错误选项通常为 不被文中所给出或暗示的信息所支持 重复文章中信息但没有回答问题 过于笼统或模糊 不真实、不准确 与文章不相关或者没有被提及The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, through, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface. It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely believes which of the following about the future of desertification? ○ Governments will act quickly to control further desertification. ○ The factors influencing desertification occur in cycles and will change in the future. ● Desertification will continue to increase. ○ Desertification will soon occur in all areas of the world. 解析：根据题目中的“infer”一词，我们可以断定此题为推论类问题。接下来读题干，可以确定定位信息应该为the future of desertification。在文章中定位，考生们可以找到对应信息为“In areas where considerable soil still remains, through, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.”仔细阅读该信息，考生们会发现，根据原文对应的信息无法明确确定作者的态度，因此我们需要用排除法来解题。根据原文对应信息，第一个选项中的内容没有被原文提及，因此为错误选项；第二个选项中的内容也未被原文提及，为错误选项；第四个选项内容在原文中也没有被提及，为错误选项；因此利用排除法，我们可以断定第三个选项为正确选项。 Before 1915 manufacturing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans. As master craftworkers, they imparted the k