民事抗诉制度的理论和实证分析.doc

摘 摘  要 要  民事抗诉制度是我国宪法赋予检察机关对民事审判活动实施监督的一项重要权能。 但民事抗诉制度在实际运行发展中，一直受到各种各样的争议。有人主张，因其创建符 合我国国情，为国家司法改革发展作出了巨大贡献，应予以保留，对于其制度本身所存 在的缺陷应进行发展完善，使其更好的符合我国的法治建设需要。也有人认为，其制度 扰乱了常规的司法制度，破坏了法院的审判独立、既判力的原则，同时干扰了当事人主 义的处分权。因此，应予以废除。笔者认为，民事抗诉制度由我国宪政体制决定，符合 我国法制建设要求。所以，现阶段我国不能废除民事抗诉制度，应对其制度进行完善。 本文阐释了民事抗诉制度的基本理论，对近三年(2008 年-2010 年)全国民事抗诉案 件收结案情况、案件维持率及法院再审数据等进行分析，剖析民事抗诉制度运行中存在 的主要问题，并提出了相应的对策建议，包括完善检察院的抗诉范围、明确抗诉期限和 次数、完善检察院的调查取证权、阅卷权、明确人民检察院在再审中的地位和权限以及 提高检察人员队伍监督理念和职业素养。  关键词  民事诉讼 民事抗诉 抗诉范围  抗诉事由 I Abstract Abstract  Civil protest in an important function and power that constitution  has entrusted to the  prosectorial organizations to supervise the administration of justice.In its development process ,it has been plagued by a variety of disputes.It is believed that fully comply with the civil protest Chinas national conditions,in the actual operation of the process,as our judiciary made a great contribution to progress,it retained its claim to this problems exposed by the development and improvement to make it more better serve the rule of law in our country.Some people think that the system of civil protest against the constitutional system entirely,and disorders of the normal judicial system,not only undermined the independence of the trial court the status of the people and basic principles of res judicata,but also interfere with the disposition of the parties,it advocated it abolition.The author believe such a system accords with the actual damands of building china into a country ruled by laws.The civil appeals system demonstrates the necessity and rationality in the existence of the reality in our country.On this basis,the author brings the perfect ideas. In this thesis, the author interprets the basic theory of the civil protest system. By comparing and analyzing into all kinds of aspects which happened in intermediate peoples court form 2008 to 2010,such as the accepting and closing situations of adjudication to the civil appeal cases, the sources and maintenanc