闭环式人工胰岛系统建模和控制仿真.docVIP

摘  要  糖尿病是一种难以治愈的内分泌疾病，其主要危害在于它的并发症，尤其是慢性并 发症。随着人们生活水平的提高，人口老龄化以及肥胖发生率的增加，糖尿病的发病率 呈逐年上升趋势。中国的糖尿病形势十分严峻，防治工作刻不容缓。 本文介绍了人工胰岛的发展历程。人工胰岛是近２０年来临床上模拟人体生理胰岛 素分泌的一种智能胰岛素输注系统。人工胰岛一经临床应用，将血糖控制在正常或接近 正常水平是非常方便有效的。其主要优点是机体对胰岛素的吸收稳定，使血药浓度趋于 平稳，平稳控制血糖，减少低血糖的发生，延缓糖尿病并发症的发生、发展。 本文重点在闭环式人工胰岛。闭环式人工胰岛，是对普通人工胰岛的重大改进，能 够最好的模拟人体生理胰岛素分泌，是控制血糖的最佳手段，是临床中治疗糖尿病的最 安全有效便捷的方式。但是阅读最新的国内外文献发现，目前的闭环式人工胰岛并不是 控制论意义上的闭环系统，没有真正体现闭环系统在血糖定值控制中的优异性能。 本文从生物控制论的角度对包括人体在内的闭环式人工胰岛系统进行了透彻分析， 建立了精确的总体数学模型，实现了控制论意义上的血糖闭环控制。闭环式人工胰岛系 统控制理论模型的建立有利于对糖尿病患者进行更合理的精确的数字化治疗。同时，采 用先进控制技术的闭环式人工胰岛系统在多种控制策略的对比上显示出了优异的控制 性能。因此，将生物控制论引入闭环式人工胰岛治疗装置无疑是糖尿病治疗理论上的再 一次革新。 关键词：生物控制论; 生物建模; 闭环控制; 人工胰岛；PID 控制；模糊控制 I Abstract Diabetes is an endocrine diseases that difficult to cure. The main hazard is its complications, particularly chronic complications. With the improvement of living standards of people, the ageing of the population and the increasing incidence of obesity, the incidence of a rising diabetes situation trend year by year. Chinas diabetes situation is very severe, prevention and control work is without delay. In this paper, the development of artificial islet was introduced. Artificial islet is an intelligent insulin infusion system in clinical simulation of human physiological insulin secretion in the last 20 years. Artificial islet will be very convenient and effective to control blood glucose in normal or near normal levels in clinical application. The main advantage is the bodys stable absorption of insulin so that the drug concentrations in the blood will be stabilized which delaying the complication and development of the diabetes and the blood glucose will be smoothly controlled which reducing the incidence of low blood glucose. In this paper, closed-loop artificial islet is the key content. Closed-loop artificial islet which has the best simulation of the human physiological insulin secretion is a significant improvement to the general artificial islet, it is the best means to control the blood glucose and is