为什么认证.pptVIP

Why certify? The global market dynamics of certification systems为什么认证？认证体系的全球市场动力 Michael E. Conroy, Senior Research Scholar Yale University Project on Forest Certification 资深研究员/耶鲁大学森林认证项目 Overview概览 Corporate accountability in the 21st Century The business case for certification The principal drivers of certification Broader societal benefits of certification Certification that does NOT work How the FSC can benefit China Worldwide scope of modern certification 21世纪的企业责任 认证的商业原因 认证的主要推动力 认证的更大社会效益 不成功的认证 FSC如何使中国受益 世界范围的现代认证 Corporate Accountability企业责任 In the 19th century: Self-declared codes of conduct (first party certification) In the 20th century: Industry-wide codes of conduct (second party certification) In the 21st century: Independent verification of compliance with international standards (third party certification) 19世纪：企业自我宣称的行为准则（第一方认证） 20世纪：工业界制定的行为准则（第二方认证） 21世纪：根据国际标准进行的独立认证（第三方认证） The business case认证的商业原因 “Branding” is the name of the global economic game, including country of origin Every dollar invested successfully in increasing brand recognition also increases the risk of attacks on social and environmental practices Certification is the only way to guarantee that production meets international social and environmental standards “品牌”是全球经济游戏规则的代名词，包括原产国 成功投资于提高品牌认可度的每一块钱也将增加遭受社会和环境方面攻击的风险 认证是保证生产符合国际社会和环境标准的唯一方式 What drives this system?什么驱动认证体系？ Global consumer concerns about social and environmental practices behind products from farther and farther away NGO ability to call global attention to bad practices, instantly and globally Business-to-business relationships within the global supply chain… increasingly controlled by retailers 全球消费者关心产地越来越遥远的产品是否符合社会和环境标准 非政府组织（NGO）有能力迅速地引起全球对不良好操作的关注 全球供给链内的商家关系正进一步被零售商控制 Other societal benefits (forestry)其它社会效益（林业） FSC forest certification protects local communities and producer countries against bad forest management FSC certification generates greater market access and, often, higher prices