英美文学复习材料.docVIP

Thomas More托马斯.摩尔: Utopia 《乌托邦》Francis Bacon弗兰西斯.培根: Essays 《论说文集》或 《随笔》Knowledge is power----Bacon Edmund Spencer埃德蒙.斯宾塞: Faerie Queen 《仙后》Our sweetest songs are those that sing of saddest feelings.--- Spencer William Shakespeare 威廉姆.莎士比亚(1564-1616)1. 23rd, April 1564, Stratford-on-Avon (斯特拉特福)是埃文河畔英国英格兰中部城镇，莎士比亚的故乡。...2. His Father, a leather merchant 皮货商3. His school, a local Grammar school for 6 years4. His life, dramatist [dr?m?tist n. 剧作家, 戏剧家, actor, poet, proprietor5. His first son, Hamnet哈姆奈特6. 4 tragedies悲剧: Hamlet《哈姆雷特》, Othello《奥赛罗》, King Lear《李尔王》, Macbeth《麦克白》 (Romeo and Juliet)《罗密欧与朱丽叶》7. Main works: 37 plays, 154 sonnets , 2 narrative plays戏剧 14行诗 叙事诗 Titus Andronicus 《泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯》Taming of the Shrew 《驯悍记》The Two Gentlemen of Verona 《维罗纳二绅士》Loves Labors Lost 《爱的徒劳》A Midsummer Nights Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》King John 《约翰王的生平和逝世》Much Ado about Nothing 《无事生非》The Merry Wives of Windsor 《温莎的风流娘们》Julius Caesar 《朱力叶斯·凯撒》The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》As you like it 《皆大欢喜》 8. Carl Marx: Aeschylus and Shakespeare are the two greatest （dramatic genius）（戏剧天才） the world has ever known.9. His friend: He does not belong to属于 one time一个时代, but belongs to all times. William Shakespeares writing feature特点1. A play in the play在剧中扮演一个.2. Borrow plots (小说,戏剧等的)情节from…借用other stories such as Roman罗马人, Greek希腊人 and ancient古老的 myth神话.3. Several threads running through the play通过多个线程运行发挥.4. Combination of tragic and comic elements悲剧和喜剧相结合的元素. William Shakespeares writing style威廉莎士比亚的写作风格1. Tremendous vocabulary巨大的词汇 (16,000 words, invent words发明话)2. Literary devices 文学手法(alliteration头韵, simile类似, metaphor隐喻)3. Use poetry in his play在他的剧本使用诗 William Shakespeares humanistic英音：[,hju:m?nistik]美音：[,hjum?n?st?k] 1. 人性的2. 人道(主义)的3. 人文主义的 ideas1. Against反对cruelty残酷and anti-natural character 特点.特征of civil wars内战 2. Against religious宗教的,宗教上的persecution迫害;困扰, racial discrimination, social inequality社会不平等.3. Hates rebellion恨叛乱 and despises democracy鄙视民主 Themes in Shak