句子成分的综述.docVIP

Ⅰ：句子成分的综述 句子的成分指构成句子的各个组成部分，即词、词组或从句在句子中的各种语法意义。句子成分一般有实词充当，如：名词，代词，实义动词，形容词，副词，数词。虚词只起辅助和联系作用，不能单独充当句子成分，如：冠词，介词，连词，情态动词，助动词，系动词。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。另外，一些句子还有一些其他的成分如：同位语、插入语、呼语等。：各种成分在句子中的表示方法一、主语：subject主语是指句子谈论的主题，也就是句子中的动作、行为、性质或状态的主题。表示所说的是谁或是什么。可作主语的结构有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词或分词、从句；常置于句首。表示方法“==”1：名词作主语：Every coin has two sides.????????? ②Every cloud has a silver side.???????? ③Failure is the mother of success.???? ④A journey of ａthousand miles begins with a single step.Blessed is the man who expects nothing, for he shall not be disappointed. 2：代词作主语：we are studying in No.1 senior high school, Luyi. ②He that travels far knows much. ③No one is born wise or learned. ④Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. ⑤I have nothing to offer but blood ,toil tears and sweet. 3：数词作主语Two will be enough. ②One and four is five. 4：不定式作主语To see is to believe. ②To idle away one’s time amounts to killing oneself. ③It takes two to make a quarrel. ④It’s great to be a great man , but it’s greater to be a true man. ⑤It’s not easy to find happiness in ourselves , and it’s not possible to find it?elsewhere. 5：动名词作主语Smoking is bad for you. ②Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. ③Setting a goal is half victory while you compete with others. ④Studying everything, studying any time and studying anywhere lead one to success. ⑤It’s no need worrying about our future. ⑥It’s no use doing what you like ;you have got to like what you do. ⑦It’s murder wasting other people’s time ;it’s a slow suicide wasting one’s own time. 6：名词化的形容词或分词The young should respect the old. ②The unemployed usually lead a hard life. ③The dead are dead ,but the living should remember and thank them for ever. 7：从句作主语When he will come back isn’t known now. ②It’s my belief that we should take part in after-school activities ③Well known is it that ambition can creep as well as soar. 常见错误分析1：名词化的形容词或分词作主语时谓语常用复数选择：The rich ＿becoming more and more rich ,but the poor ＿becoming more and more poor.A