TEM4 Grammar 4【荐】.pptVIP

四级考试语法复习重点(4) 定语从句 Introduction 定语从句在四级英语测试中占有一定的比重，大约在词汇语法题的7.4%，平均每次都有一题，实际测试中有时多达三道题。在我们讲四级英语测试对定语从句的考查之前，先让我们看以下几题： 1) Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ____ obtaining water is not the least. A.for which 　　B.to which 　　 C.of which 　　D.in which C 其实该句表示的是obtaining water is not the least of its problems， 所以用of which. 关系词的使用一看先行词，二看关系词在从句中的作用，在此基础上熟记几个常用的固定句式，如： the same … as ; such … as 当看到先行词前有the same 或such修饰时，可直接从选项中找as，选择就变得比较简单。在这种情况下，考生用不着考虑先行词是人还是物。如 Our company wont employ such graduates as you recommend. Im determined to buy such a flat as you are now living in. 2) A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, ____were surprising. A.as results 　　 B.which results 　 C.the results of it D.the results of which Answer: D ② 上面有两道题涉及到关系词在句中做定语。同学们应该熟悉关系词做定语时的各种变体。 　　做定语的关系词可有以下变体，试比较： the office whose windows are broken the office the windows of which are broken the office of which the windows are broken 上面的2）题就属于the windows of which这种形式。 　　先行词是人时，同样也可有这三种形式，如： the professor whose car was stolen the professor the car of whom was stolen the professor of whom the car was stolen 　　 3) We need a chairman ____. A.for whom everyone has confidence 　 B.in whom everyone has confidence C.who everyone has confidence of 　　 D.whom everyone has confidence on Answer:B ③ 注意介词 + which/whom的结构做关系词 　　从四级考试对定语从句的测试来看，主要考查的是介词的选择。介词 + which/whom主要有以下几种情况: A． 介词是句中短语搭配的一部分，如3）。表示信任某人要用have confidence in somebody，所以做定语，应该用a chairman in whom … has confidence。 B． 部分 + of + 整体名词的结构，该结构，做关系词也就是 部分名词 + of which/whom的结构。 　　该结构的使用应注意两点，一是注意定语从句与并列句的分别，如： He invited quite a few scientists to his birthday party, many of _____ were his old classmates. A.whom B.them C.which D.that 这里很自然地会有many of whom 与many of them的选择。 二是注意该结构可以有变体，即of whom/which + 部分名词，，e.g. up to half of whom。 C． 另一种介词是表示最高级范围的介词，四级考题中已经有两个这种考题，如上面的1）题，其实该句表示的是obtaining water is not the least of its problems， 所以