大量沼液施灌稻田的氨挥发特征.docVIP

大量沼液施灌稻田氨挥发特征邓欧平1， 姜丽娜2， 陈丁江1,3， 孙嗣旸1， 吕 军（1.浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310029；2.浙江省农科院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所 310021；3.浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室,杭州 3100294浙江大学 教育部污染环境修复与生态健康重点实验室,杭州 310029） 摘要：基于沼液灌溉田间试验，采用通气法研究化肥和沼液施灌稻田的氨挥发特征及其差异性。结果表明，尿素施用处理的氨挥发速率峰值出现在每次施氮后当天或第天，而各沼液施灌处理则在施氮后当天。氨挥发速率和累量均随着施氮量的增加而提高。沼液灌溉田间氨挥发速率随时间的动态变化主要取决于田面水中氨氮浓度的变化。每次沼液施灌后的前天是稻田氨挥发的关键时期。水稻分蘖初期氨挥发明显高于其时期。等氮量沼液施灌处理的平均氨挥发速率（1.48±2.08） kg/(hm2·d)量（51.00±4.46） kg/hm2全生育期氮素损失率（14.90±1.65）%分别是尿素施用处理的5.13.0，6.4倍。因此，若以等氮量的沼液代替尿素不仅存在稻田供氮不足的风险，而且增加了氨挥发对生态环境产生不良影响的可能，这需要在沼液广泛应用于水稻生产的过程中特别关注。 关键词： 沼液； 稻田； 氨挥发； 尿素； 差异性 中图分类号:X172, S154 文献标识码:A Ammonia olatilization from the Biogas Slurry Irrigation Paddy Field DENG Ou-ping1, JIANG Li-na2, CHEN Ding-jiang1,3, SUN Si-yang1, LV Jun1,4 (1.College of Environmental Science and Natural Resources,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029;2.Institute of Environment,Resources,Soil Science and Fertilizer,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021;3.Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029;4.China Ministry of Education Key Lab.of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029) Abstract: In situ field experiment combined with venting method was conducted to study the ammonia volatilization from the biogas slurry (BS) and chemical fertilizer applied paddy field and their difference. The field experiment designed four treatments with three replications according to applied nitrogen (N) quantities, i.e., 270 N kg/ha (I-F) from urea, and 270 (I-B), 540 and 1 080 N kg/ha from BS. The amount of BS or fertilizer for each treatment was finished for application in three times with ten days intervals. The results showed that the peak ammonia volatilization rate at CF and each BS applied treatment plot appeared on the first or second day and the first after N application, respectively. The temporal dynamic of ammonia volatilization rate was mainly dominated by the ammonia concentration in the f