生物质炭结构性质及其对土壤有效养分和腐殖质组成的影响.pdfVIP

农业环境科学学报 2011,30(10):2075-2080 Journal of Agro-Environment Science 生物质炭结构性质及其对土壤有效养分和 腐殖质组成的影响 * 周桂玉，窦 森 ，刘世杰 130118 （吉林农业大学资源与环境学院，长春 ） 摘 要：生物质炭是具有高度热稳定性和较强吸附特性的含碳物质，不同来源生物质炭的结构性质可能存在着很大的差异。为此对 2 1 种自制的不同来源生物质炭和 种商业黑炭进行了结构表征，并研究了添加生物质炭对土壤有效养分和腐殖质组成的影响。结果表 明，不同来源的生物质炭在结构上有明显区别：秸秆生物质炭的芳构化程度和热稳定性最低，脂族性最强；商业黑炭缩合程度和热稳 定性最高，脂族性最弱；松枝生物质炭介于二者之间。向土壤中添加秸秆生物质炭和松枝生物质炭培养45 d 后，土壤有机碳含量、胡敏 酸和富里酸含量、有效养分含量都有不同程度的增加，同时胡敏酸的色调系数ΔlgK 降低，对土壤有机碳的长期保存有积极意义。 关键词：生物质炭；结构性质；土壤有效养分；腐殖质组成 S153.6 A 1672- 2043(2011)10- 2075- 06 中图分类号： 文献标志码： 文章编号： The Structural Characteristics of Biochar and Its Effects on Soil Available Nutrients and Humus Composition * ZHOU Gui-yu, DOU Sen , LIU Shi-jie College of Resources and Environmental Science, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun 130118, China （ ） Abstract Biomass-derived charcoal, also named biochar, has the characteristics of high stability against decay and high capability of adsorp－ ： tion, so it can influence the environment through interaction with climate and geology. There is significant difference in structural characteris－ tics of biochar which is obtained from wood and agricultural residues by means of different procedures. As one possible source of the compo－ nents with high aromatic structure in soil humus, biochar is of great importance in improving soil fertility, and in maintaining the balance of soil ecosystem. The aim of the research is to investigate the structural characteristics of biochar and the effects of it when applied to soil on available nutrients and humus composition. The results showed that there was great difference between chemical structures of biochar which was produced by different biomass. Aliphatic