Chapter 5Transportation, Assignment and Network Models.ppt

Chapter 5:Transportation, Assignment and Network Models Network Flow Models Consist of a network that can be represented with nodes and arcs Transportation Model Transshipment Model Assignment Model Maximal Flow Model Shortest Path Model Minimal Spanning Tree Model Characteristics of Network Models A node is a specific location An arc connects 2 nodes Arcs can be 1-way or 2-way Types of Nodes Origin nodes Destination nodes Transshipment nodes Decision Variables XAB = amount of flow (or shipment) from node A to node B Flow Balance at Each Node (total inflow) – (total outflow) = Net flow The Transportation Model Decision: How much to ship from each origin to each destination? Objective: Minimize shipping cost Data Decision Variables Xij = number of desks shipped from factory i to warehouse j Objective Function: (in $ of transportation cost) Min 5XDA + 4XDB + 3XDC + 8XEA + 4XEB + 3XEC + 9XFA + 7XFB + 5XFC Subject to the constraints: Flow Balance For Each Supply Node (inflow) - (outflow) = Net flow - (XDA + XDB + XDC) = -100 (Des Moines) OR XDA + XDB + XDC = 100 (Des Moines) Other Supply Nodes XEA + XEB + XEC = 300 (Evansville) XFA + XFB + XFC = 300 (Fort Lauderdale) Flow Balance For Each Demand Node XDA + XEA + XFA = 300 (Albuquerque) XDB + XEB + XFB = 200 (Boston) XDC + XEC + XFC = 200 (Cleveland) Go to File 5-1.xls Unbalanced Transportation Model If (Total Supply) (Total Demand), then for each supply node: (outflow) (supply) If (Total Supply) (Total Demand), then for each demand node: (inflow) (demand) Transportation Models WithMax-Min and Min-Max Objectives Max-Min means maximize the smallest decision variable Min-Max mean to minimize the largest decision variable Both reduce the variability among the Xij values Go to File 5-3.xls The Transshipment Model Similar to a transportation model Have “Transshipment” nodes with both inflow and outflow Revised Transportation Cost Data Note: Ev