Shear Strength of Soils.ppt

Shear Strength of Soils N. Sivakugan Shear failure Soils generally fail in shear Shear failure Shear failure Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion Triaxial Test Apparatus Types of Triaxial Tests Types of Triaxial Tests CD, CU and UU Triaxial Tests CD, CU and UU Triaxial Tests CD, CU and UU Triaxial Tests Stress Point Stress Path Failure Envelopes Pore Pressure Parameters Pore Pressure Parameters * SIVA Copyright?2001 * Duration: 17 min: 04 sec strip footing embankment At failure, shear stress along the failure surface reaches the shear strength. failure surface mobilised shear resistance The soil grains slide over each other along the failure surface. No crushing of individual grains. failure surface ? ? ? At failure, shear stress along the failure surface (?) reaches the shear strength (?f). ? ? c ? failure envelope cohesion friction angle ?f is the maximum shear stress the soil can take without failure, under normal stress of ?. ?f ? Shear strength consists of two components: cohesive and frictional. ?f ?f ? ? ? c ?f tan ? c cohesive component frictional component c and ? are measures of shear strength. Higher the values, higher the shear strength. Mohr Circles Failure Envelope X Y Soil elements at different locations X Y X Y ~ failure ~ stable ? ? Mohr Circles Failure Envelope Y Initially, Mohr circle is a point ?c ?c ?c ?? ?c+?? ?? The soil element does not fail if the Mohr circle is contained within the envelope GL Mohr Circles Failure Envelope Y ?c ?c ?c ?? GL As loading progresses, Mohr circle becomes larger… .. and finally failure occurs when Mohr circle touches the envelope Orientation of Failure Plane Y ?c ?c ?c ?? GL ?c+?? 90+? ? 45 + ?/2 Failure plane oriented at 45 + ?/2 to horizontal 45 + ?/2 Y Mohr circles in terms of ? ?’ X X X ?v ?h ?v’ ?h’ u u = + total stresses effective stresses ?v ?h ?v’ ?h’ u Envelopes in terms of ? ?’ Identical specimens initially subjected to different isotropic stresses (?c) and then loaded