概念意义和关联意义.pptVIP

GROUP NO.1（08英D） 李金娇 陈雅萍 郭丽君 叶 慧 张家贝 Lexical meaning Associative meaning(关联意义） Conceptual meaning(概念意义)/ Referential meaning(所指意义) The lexical meaning of English words consists of conceptual（概念意义） meaning and associative meaning（关联意义）. Conceptual meaning is the core of word’s meaning. It refers to the object directly and clearly. So it is also called referential meaning. When conceptual meaning is settled, this meaning is relatively stable and clear. It has relative stability . Associative meaning is the added meaning(附带意义）of the word, including personal affections(感情色彩) and style meaning(文体意义）. It has to correspond personal understandings of the speaker. Associative meaning is very unstable, and can change easily according to the situation. Father：父亲 Dad:父亲，爸爸(informal) Daddy: often used by young children Papa: (old-fashioned), used by children to talk about and address their father The old man:某人的父亲 Male parent:男性家长（formal) They have the same conceptual meaning ”father”, but their usages are different according to the different situations. The same concept”伤害”. Injury：to harm yourself or sb. else physically, especially in accidents. e.g. In the traffic accident, two were killed and three get injured. Wound: an injury to part of the body, especially one in which a hole is made in the skin using a weapon. e.g. The soldier was badly wounded in the head. Hurt: less informal than injury, often used orally, referring to the physical harm. e.g. The girl fell off her bike, and one of her legs hurt. Harm: often used orally, physically or mentally, can cause upset e.g. Getting up early won’t harm you! 早起对你没有害处! Words’ conceptual meaning is virtually the definition given by dictionaries. A word can be used to indicate not only the collectivity but also the individual. That’s to say, a word can has both the generic and specific reference. These are some examples to demonstrate this point. Hound refers to any dog in the past,