化学本科毕业论文.docVIP

毕 业 论 文 题 目： 金属离子掺杂的硫化镉光催 化剂可见光分解水产氢性能 学 院： 化学化工学院 专 业： 化学 毕业年限： 2013年6月30日 学生姓名： 连菊红 学 号： 200973010120 指导教师： 王其召 中文摘要 环境恶化和能源危机是当前人类社会所面临的两个重大问题，利用可再生资源制备清洁无污染的氢能源是解决上述问题的有效途径之一。在众多的制氢方法中，由“Fujishima-Honda”效应发展而来的多相光催化分解水技术日益受到广泛关注。设计和制备能够完全分解水的光催化剂材料，具有非常重要的理论现实意义。 本文以Na2S和Na2SO3为电子给体,研究了 Y3+、Ba2+、Sr2+CdxZn1-xS固溶体催化剂的光催化制氢性能的影响。以水热法制备了Y3+、Ba2+、Sr2+CdxZn1-xS固溶体催化剂。借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、漫反射(UV-Vis)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对催化剂进行表征。结果表明，Y3+、Ba2+、Sr2+CdxZn1-xS的晶型没有影响，在可见光下, Ba2+、Sr2+Y3+的掺杂基本没有改变催化剂的产氢量，主要是因为Ba2+、Sr2+,提高了光催化活性。 关键词：光催化;产氢; 固溶体；水热法 ；CdxZn1-xS; 掺杂 Abstract Nowadays, it is very urgent for human beings to develop clean, no-polluting hydrogen energy, since the energy and environmental problem caused by the large-scale exploitation and use of fossil energy. Among many methods of hydrogen production, the heterogeneous photocatalytic water splitting technique which was developed from “Fujishima-Honda” is increasingly under the spotlight. It is meaningful to design and develop solid photocatalysts which can stoichiometrically split water into hydrogen and oxygen. In this thesis, the effects of Y3+、Ba2+、Sr2+ ion doping on photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over sulfide photocatalysts from aqueous solution containing Na2S and Na2S03 as a electron donor were researched. Y3+、Ba2+、Sr2+ doped CdxZn1-xS photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method. photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),UV-Vis absorption spectroscope (UV-Vis). The results showed that Ba2+、Sr2+ ion doping on photocatalysts had not effect on crystal structure. The modification of Ba2+、Sr2+ doping can efficiently depress the recombination of electron and hole. Keywords: photocatalytic; Hydrogen evolution; solid solution; hydrothermal reaction; CdxZn1-xS; doping. 目 录 中文摘要 2 Abstract 3 第一部分 综述 5 1.1课题背景 5 1.2 研究现状 6 1.2.1光催化制氢的原理