人员疏散时间预测与分析_孔留安.pdf

15 11 Vol . 15No . 1 1 2 0 0 5 1 1 China Safety Science Journal Nov . 2 0 0 5 X 孔留安 周爱桃 景国勋 教授 刘冬华 ( 河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院, 焦作 454003) : X928. 03 :A :( 031200040) ; ( [2001] 513 ) = 由于大量火灾事故的不断发生, 火灾防范和安全疏散 为一 个重要的研究课题为了探讨人员 疏散规律, 笔者应用排队论知识及结合/ 社会力0 模型, 并综合考虑到建筑结构特征人员密度及 个体的作用和差 异, 建立了人员疏散模型通过计算机模拟确定人员疏散时间, 结合实例阐述了出口宽度等建筑结构特征人员密 度与疏散时间的关系, 结果表明, 该模型得到的结果与实际基本相符通过对人员疏散规律的研究, 可以帮助人们 优化建筑物的内部结构, 特别是门宽, 疏散通道的 个数, 从而加快紧急情况时的疏散速度, 减少人员的伤亡; 还可以 帮助人们设计出正确的管理措施, 保证大规模的群众集会时的人员的安全 = 人员疏散; 排队论; / 社会力0 模型 Prediction and Analysis of Evacuation Time KONG Liu-an ZHOU A-i ao JING Guo-xun, Prof. LIU Dong- hua ( School of Safety Science En ineerin , Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China) Classifica ion and code of disciplines: 620. 2030 CLC number: X928. 03 Documne code: A Abs rac : Frequent occurrence of fire accidents makes the fire prevention and safe evacuation the important research topics. In order to investi ate the rule of evacuation, evacuation model was established by queuin theory and social force model referrin to buildin structure, occupant density and the individual difference. By computer simulation, the evacuation time was deter- mined; combinin with real case, the relation of evacuation time and buildin structure and occupant density was described. It was shown that the result obtained from the model complied with the real case. The study of the re ularity of occupant movement mi ht optimize the interior structure of the buildin , especially in determination of