隐喻与翻译Metaphor and Translation.docVIP

隐喻与翻译Metaphor?and?Translation 作者：佚名 来源：本站原创 更新：2008-6-10 阅读： 栏目：外语翻译 隐喻与翻译Metaphor?and?Translation [Abstract] Translation, as a tool for the communication of cultures, transfers the cognition of the source language into the target language, and translation of metaphor has became a controversy receiving more and more attentions. This paper introduces the English and the Chinese metaphor in details. In the beginning, different definitions of English metaphor are quoted from authorities. Then the construction of English metaphor and three basic components, the tenor, the vehicle and the ground, are introduced, followed by the four basic structure patterns.? Different classifications of metaphor are appreciated and studied at the different levels. From the angle of rhetoric effect, the live metaphor and the dead metaphor are classified in the first type, and from Newmark’s view, four categories are classified, and finally four categories can be sorted out according to the emergence of metaphor’s three components. At the level of cognition three categories are introduced form Lakoff’s classification. Then Chinese metaphor is analyzed in the same way, so the contrast and comparison are apparently made. Based on that, the obstacles which may exist in the translation of metaphor are probed into, that is, the study of the origin of the obstacles----culture clash, including the differences of the living environment and history, tradition and custom, classical tales and literary works, religion and so on. At last, the standard and the skills of the translation of metaphor are discussed. [Key words]: metaphor; translation; the source language; the target language; culture clash 【摘要】:翻译是将一种文化中的语言所表现的认知方式用目的语传递到目的语的文化中去,而隐喻的翻译已经开始成为研究翻译方向里的重点和难点之一。本文详细介绍英语隐喻和汉语隐喻,首先在概念上引用权威的定义和诠释,接着从结构特征上下手分析英语隐喻的基本构成成分,即:本体、喻体、喻底。由此引出英语隐喻的三大基本句型。在分类上, 首先从修辞效果的角度进行论证,①将其分成活隐喻和死隐喻两大类;引用Mark的观点分成四类进行分析特点;根据隐喻的三大成分之间的关系,隐喻又可分成四种情况。接着,从认知层面上,总结分析Lakoff的观点中有利于理解隐喻特点的结构隐喻,实体隐喻,方位隐喻。接着本文对汉语隐喻和英语隐喻形作一比较,