宁夏扶贫扬黄灌溉工程固海扩灌区水土保持监测与技术研究.pdfVIP

宁夏农林科技。NiniaJournalofAgri．andFores．ci． !： ： !!!鱼二竺： 鱼 · 农业工程 · 宁夏扶贫扬黄灌溉工程固海扩灌区水土保持监测与技术研究 马 非，王孝忠 宁夏农业勘查设计院，宁夏 银川 750002 摘 要：将宁夏扶贫扬黄灌溉工程固海扩灌区划分为 5个责任分区，运用水蚀径流场和风蚀小区等方法对该区进行水土保 持监测研 究，结果表明：监测期间固海扩灌区累计营造水土保持林草总面积为409．5hm2，林草成活率达87％以上 ，区域小气 候得到了明显改善；扬沙 日数减少至 5．9d，沙暴 日数减少至 0．5d，相对湿度提高到47．2％，年蒸发量降低到 1835otni，项 目 区水土流失面积减少了37862．90hmz；项 目区水土保持防治均达到 了2级以上防治 目标，扰动土地整治率为98．2％，水土 流失总治理度为90％，土壤流失控制比为 1．45，拦渣率为95％，林草植被恢复率为 98％，林草覆盖率为 15．09％。 关键词：扶贫扬黄灌溉工程 ；固海扩灌区；水土保持监测 中图分类号：$157 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-204X(2012)09—0063—03 Water and SoilConservation Monitoring ofGuhaiExpanding Irrigation Area ofPoverty Reduction Yellow River PumpingIrrigationProjectinNingxia MA Feieta1．(NingxiaAgriculturalSurveyandDesignInstitute，Yinchuan，Ningxia750002) AbstractTheGuhaiExpandingIrrigationAreaofPovertyReductionYellow RiverPumpingIrrigationProjectinNingxiawas divided into 5 Darts and water and soilconservation monitoringwasmade using the approaches such aswaterrunoff nad wind erosion area．The resultsshowed thatduring the monitoring period altogehter409．5 hm ofsoilconservation forestand grasswere afforested in GuhaiExpanding Irrigation Area and the survivalrate oftIle forestand grasswas above 87％ and the regionalclimate was improved obviously；hte number of sand—blowing days were reduced to 5．9 d，the number of sandstorm dayswerereduced to0．5 d，therelativehumidity wasupgraded to47．2％．the annaal evaporation wasreduced to 1835mm and山esollerosionaFeainhteprojectareawasreducedby37862．90hm：htesoilandwaterconservationin 出eprojectareahadallaccomplishedtheobjectiveofthesecondgrade．hteremediationrateofdisturbedlandwas98．2％． the totalsoilerosion controldergeewas90％，the controlledratio ofsoilerosionwas 1．45，the slagretainingratewas95％。 htevegetation recoveryratewas98％ nad forestna d rgas