4世贸组织的运作.pptVIP

* * * implementation and monitoring If a country has done something wrong, it should swiftly correct its fault. And if it continues to break an agreement, it should offer compensation or suffer a suitable penalty. implementation If the country that is the target of the complaint loses, it must follow the recommendations of the panel report or the appeal report. It must state its intention to do so at a DSB meeting held within 30 days of the report’s adoption. If complying with the recommendation immediately proves impractical, the member will be given a “reasonable period of time” to do so. If it fails to act within this period, it has to enter into negotiations with the complaining country (or countries) in order to determine mutually-acceptable compensation. retaliation If after 20 days, no satisfactory compensation is agreed, the complaining side may ask the DSB for permission to impose limited trade sanctions (“suspend concessions or obligations”) against the other side. The DSB must grant this authorization within 30 days of the expiry of the “reasonable period of time” unless there is a consensus against the request. retaliation In principle, the sanctions should be imposed in the same sector as the dispute. If this is not practical or if it would not be effective, the sanctions can be imposed in a different sector of the same agreement. If this is not effective or practicable and if the circumstances are serious enough, the action can be taken under another agreement. Assignment How does the WTO assure the effectiveness of disputes settling? 3.3贸易政策审议机制Trade Policy Review Mechanism （TPRM） The WTO conducts regular reviews of individual countries’ trade policies Trade Policy Review Body The objectives: to increase the transparency and understanding of countries’ trade policies and practices, through regular monitoring improve the quality of public and intergovernmental debate on the issues to enable a multilateral assessment of the effects of pol