Embedded Systems.ppt

Embedded Systems Normal everyday items contain computer chips, complete with CPU, memory, programs Television, Entt. Center, Automobiles, Irrigation, MP3, cell phones, GPS, microwave, home alarms, thermostats, network routers, game consoles Special purpose machines contain computers Manufacturing, metering, sensing, ATM machines, kiosks Medical Instruments, Aircraft, Satellites, Need to know: Hardware Software IMPACT $45 billion market in 2004, rising to $88 billion in 2009 Many more embedded processors per person, than general purpose processors A cell phone may have 20-100 separate processors Value of embedded electronics in Automobiles: 25% of total cost, to rise to 35% by 2015 Embedded market is 50 times the desktop market Application Domains: Automotive, Avionics, Industrial Automation, Telecommunication, Consumer Electronics, Medical, IT hardware Cutting edge: Multicore processors, Network on Chip, System on chip (e.g. the iPhone, PS-3) Embedded Systems A “special purpose” unit e.g. simple cell phone (it does not run MS-Word) Has a CPU, memory and programs that control mainly physical things The program is preinstalled and cannot be changed easily Has limited processing power and limited electrical power and limited data storage Has “intelligence” Can be configured, personalized, “programmed” Need to know: Computer Architecture Schematic CPU Memory Permanent Memory Input device (keyboard) Sensorsto measure physical values  Actuatorsto controlphysicalthings Outputdevice (screen) bus program Need to know: Digital Logic, Electrical Circuits, Computer Architecture The Seven Segment Display Display Controller Counter Clock 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 ….. DSL Router 5. JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) test and programming port. 6. RAM, a single ESMT M12L64164A 8 MB chip.7. Flash memory, obscured by sticker. 8. Power supply regulator.9. Main power supply fuse.10. Power connector.11. Reset button.12. Quartz crystal.13. Ethernet port.14. E