Chapter 14 The Foot.ppt

Chapter 14: The Foot Anatomy of the Foot Muscle of the Foot and Lower Leg Prevention of Foot Injuries Highly vulnerable area to variety of injuries Injuries best prevented by selecting appropriate footwear, correcting biomechanical structural deficiencies through orthotics Foot will adapt to training surfaces over time Must be aware of potential difficulties associated with non-yielding and absorbent training surfaces Athletes should be referred to qualified personnel for injury evaluation Recognition and Management of Specific Injuries Foot problems are associated with improper footwear, poor hygiene, anatomical structural deviations or abnormal stresses Sports place exceptional stress on feet ATC’s must be aware of potential problems and be capable of identifying, ameliorating or preventing them Retrocalcaneal Bursitis (Pump Bump) Cause of Injury Caused by inflammation of bursa beneath Achilles tendon Result of pressure and rubbing of shoe heel counter of a shoe Chronic condition that develops over time and may take extensive time to resolve, exostosis (pump bump) may develop Must differentiate from Sever’s disease Sign and Symptoms Signs of inflammation Tender, palpable bump on calcaneous Pain w/palpation superior and anterior to Achilles insertion, swelling on both sides of the heel cord Care Routine stretching of Achilles, heel lifts to reduce stress, donut pad to reduce pressure Select different footwear that results in increasing or decreasing height of heel counter. Heel Bruise Cause of Injury Caused by sudden starts, stops, or changes of direction, irritation of fat pad Signs of Injury Severe pain in heel and unable to withstand stress of weight bearing May progress to chronic inflammation of bone covering Care Reduce weight bearing for 24 hours, RICE and NSAID’s Resume activity with heel cup or doughnut pad after pain has subsided (be sure to wear shock absorbent shoes) Plantar Fasciitis Cause of Condition Increased stress on fascia Change from rigid sup