The Basic Seven (B7) Tools of Quality.ppt

The Basic Seven (B7) Tools of Quality A PowerPoint Training Presentation By Keith H. Cooper As much as 95% of quality related problems in the factory can be solved with seven fundamental quantitative tools. - Kaoru Ishikawa What are the Basic Seven Tools of Quality? Fishbone Diagrams Histograms Pareto Analysis Flowcharts Scatter Plots Run Charts Control Charts Where did the Basic Seven come from? Kaoru Ishikawa Known for “Democratizing Statistics” The Basic Seven Tools made statistical analysis less complicated for the average person Good Visual Aids make statistical and quality control more comprehendible. The Basic Seven (B7) Tools of Quality Fishbone Diagrams No statistics involved Maps out a process/problem Makes improvement easier Looks like a “Fish Skeleton” Constructing a Fishbone Diagram Step 1 - Identify the Problem Step 2 - Draw “spine” and “bones” Example: High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Constructing a Fishbone Diagram Step 3 - Identify different areas where problems may arise from Ex. : High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Constructing a Fishbone Diagram Step 4 - Identify what these specific causes could be Ex. : High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Constructing a Fishbone Diagram Ex. : High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Constructing a Fishbone Diagram Step 5 – Use the finished diagram to brainstorm solutions to the main problems. The Basic Seven (B7) Tools of Quality Histograms Bar chart Used to graphically represent groups of data Constructing a Histogram From a set of data compute sum mean (x) Max Min Range (max-min) Constructing a Histogram Use range to estimate beginning and end Calculate the width of each column by dividing the range by the number of columns Acme Pizza Example Let’s say the owner wants a distribution of Acme’s Thursday Night Sales Data Set from last Thursday(slices) 0 2 1 2 2 4 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 4 3 4 1 4 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1