NTUT「英检教战文法加强班」讲义.docVIP

NTUT「英檢教戰文法加強班」講義 教務處視聽教學中心2007.4.2 補充3/26六、不定詞的被動語態 that he was ill. 他現在看起來好像生過一場病。 He seemed to have been ill. = It seemed that he hand been ill. 他當時看起來好像生過病。 He was supposed to have worked hard. 他是早該努力工作的。 You seem to have suffered a great deal. 你好像吃過不少苦。 The beggar is said to have been a rich man. 那乞丐據說曾經是個富翁。 Check: 選出正確的答案。 I am sorry _____ you the other day. (A) to offend (B) offending (C) to have offended (D) having offended Jack seems _____ very late last night, because he looks very tired now. (A) have stayed up (B) to have stayed up (C) staying up (D) to stay up 2. 在wish (願), hope (希望), desire (慾望), intend(打算), mean (意指) 等動詞的過去式後面接「不定詞完成式」」(to have + V-ed(p.p.)), 表示沒有實現的過去事件。比較下列的實例： 1. I intended to come. 我打算要來。（有沒來不知道） 2. I intended to have come. 我本來是打算要來。（有打算，但沒能實現） 3. I wished to have helped you, but I had no money then. 我本來願意幫助你，但當時沒有錢。 He meant to have come to see you last night. 昨夜他本來有意要來看你。但是… Check: 選出正確的答案。 He intended _____ abroad last year, but his mother suddenly fell ill. (A) to go (B) going (C) to have gone (D) having gone 八、使役動詞 感官動詞的用法 1. 使役動詞＋O＋動詞原形 (1) My mother made me wait outside the store. 我母親讓我在店外等。 (2) My father doesn’t let me go out at night. 我父親不讓我在晚上外出。 (3) He had the doctor look at his leg. ?他讓醫生檢查他的腳。 (4) Father bade me stay here. 父親吩咐我留在這裡。 【焦點解析1】 使役動詞 let (讓) make (使) have (使) bid (吩咐) Make, let, have 的受詞後面必須接原形動詞，而不是接to不定詞，此時的make, let, have稱為使役動詞，變成＜使役動詞＋O＋動詞原形＞的型態。 例句(1)make me wait是「讓我等」的意思。＜make+O+V＞是「讓O做～」的意思。例句(2)let me go out是「讓(允許)我去」的意思。＜let+O+V＞是「允許或讓O做～」的意思。例句(3)中的had the doctor look是讓醫生檢查。 ＜had+O+V＞表示「使O做～」的意思。 Get也可以表使役的意思，用get來代替＜have+O+V＞。 但get的用法是＜get+O+to+V＞ I got Tom to repair my bicycle.我讓湯姆修我的腳踏車。 【進階功力】 (1). 使役動詞句子的被動語態：＜make+O+V＞的被動語態中，動詞原形要改成to不定詞。 I was made to wait outside the store by my mother. 我母親讓我在店外面等。 （註：let, have 通常不用被動語態） (2). ＜help+O+to V＞是指「幫O做～」,此時受詞後面也可以用動詞原形。 Can you help me (to) put up the tent? 你可以幫我把帳棚打開嗎？ 2. 感官動詞＋O+(1) I saw the boy fall down. 我看到這個男孩摔倒。 (2) We