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紫杉醇药源的研究进展 摘 要 紫杉醇是近30年来从植物中筛选出的首选抗癌药物，已被美国的FDA批准治疗晚期卵巢癌和转移性乳腺癌。紫杉醇是一种抗癌新药,紫杉醇及其衍生物还具有防治移植动脉硬化、抗瘢痕形成和抗血管生成等功能。由于资源奇缺已出现严重供给危机。 本文系统地阐述了紫杉醇药用价值的开发利用和前景,并着重分析评价了国内外在紫杉醇药源开发领域的进展情况,对自紫杉醇发现以来的最新究进展进行了比较详尽的综述。主要介绍了天然抗癌新药紫衫醇的作用机理及生产途径，紫杉醇生产、应用研究存在的问题及发展前景,并总结了紫杉醇的生产方法,分析了这些方法的优点和缺点,对紫杉醇的生产方法进行了展望。目前,人们获得紫杉醇的方法主要有以下几种:直接从红豆杉中提取；化学全合成；化学半合成；细胞培养；内生真菌提取培养及代谢工程生产紫杉醇；紫杉醇的生物合成。同时本文对紫杉醇的提取与分离纯化技术进行了较全面的综述。 关键词：紫杉醇；药源；研究进展 Recent Advances In The Research On Taxol Medicinal raw material sources Abstract Taxol,the first important anticancer drug screened from the plant kingdom in recent thirsty years,has been approved for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer and metastatic breast cancer. Taxol is one of the most potent chemothe rapeutic agents known, showing excellent activity against a range of cancers. In addition to anticancer, taxol has the effect of preventing graft arterioscleriosis, antiscaring formation and inhibiting angiogenesis.But the natural resources is rare. The perspectives of development and utilization of the medicinal value of taxol are systematically elaborated in this paper.Emphasis is laid on review and evaluate the latest progress in Taxol raw materials sources development. The recent research advances on taxol, the newest weapons against cancer,have been reviewed. The article gives an overview on taxol research .In this article，the taxol，a unique crude medication against cancer was introduced.The paper mainly expatiated its effect mechanism and yield approach. Further more，the problem of the taxol and the development perspective were discussed. It also gives prospects for the development of taxol in the future.In addition , this paper probes in a general way into the methods of producing taxol and analyzes the advantages as well as the future tendencies.There are five possible routes to industrialize taxol production: isolation from the bark of the yew species, total synthesis, semisynthesis, tissue or cell culture, endophytic fungal fermentation an