在职MPA强化笔记1.docVIP

To know English To know the exam Unfamiliar 不熟悉的 Accuracy:精确度 Speed 基本点包括： 语法 词汇 阅读 To know English(英语是结构性语言) Structure sentence patterns 包括基本句型和特殊句型 基本句型包括： 主语+谓语（不及物动词） 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 主语+be+主语补足语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 例如：Modern life makes me crazy. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 Modern life gives me a lot of opportunities. Jack repaired the TV set for Marry. Jack borrow a lot of money from me.若是：Jack borrowed a lot of money for me.则意为：Jack 帮我借了很多的钱。 动词根据是否需要带宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 动词可分为实义动词，助动词（be, do, have, shall, will） 情态动词 半系动词： 表“变得，变成”的动词：become, come, go, fall, get, grow, run, turn等 表保持状态的动词：continue, keep, lie, remain, stand, stay. 表看上去好像的动词：seem, appear, look. 表感官动词：feel, taste, smell, sound. 这些半系动词相当于be动词，后面可以跟形容词做主语补足语。 Bomb suicide自杀性爆炸 两个特殊： 例外1： There be ….存在句。 There be sb/sth in place. Candidates 候选人，考生 There are 150 candidates in the classroom. There are 1.5 million cars in Shenzhen city. There is a leader and 150 students in this classroom.（注意这是主谓一致中的就近原则） 主谓一致中的出乎意料原则： Every boy and every girl is good. Tom and Marry are friends. Rice and eggs is my favorite.蛋炒饭是我的最爱。 其他类似的有：War and Peace战争与和平, love and hatred爱与恨, knife and fork刀叉，the writer and professor作家兼教授等等后面的动词都要用单数的形式。 There be sb/sth doing(表主动或进行)/to do（表将来/目的）/ done（表被动或完成）. 表示主动或进行的要用doing 例:There are 150 students taking class in the room. I found that there were many people wandering/walking/looking around in the street. 若用将来时则要用to do. 例:My aim/goal/purpose is to pass post-graduate exam this year. There are 30 students to take part in GCT examination in our class. 表示被动或完成则要用done 例:It is said that there are four people killed in the bomb happened in Changsha. It is reported that there are 100 thousand people killed in Wenchuan earthquake. There are many tables/desks used for students to take class in the room. It is important for us to study English. It is very kind of you to lend me so much money. It is vital for us to study English well. 注意：当形式主语中的形容词是用来修饰动词不定式时，要用for sb. 当形式主语中的形容词是对逻辑主语进行修饰时，则要用of sb. 3