FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY POLICY.ppt

Food Security Nutrition Experts FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY POLICY The Profile of Food and Nutrition Security HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PROFILE OF FOOD NUTRITION SECURITY Nutritional Status National food balance Production Consumption Stability Cross-cutting issues Nutritional status ????? Chronic and acute malnutrition ?? Micronutrient malnutrition Mortality trends Chronic and acute malnutrition Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED – BMI18.5) Micronutrient Malnutrition - 2001 Mortality Trends National food balance 1961- 1995 food deficit in 19 out of 34 years 1995- 2003 food deficit in 5 out of 8 years In 2004, there is a high likelihood of food deficit in the southern region Domestic Production ? Food production index Maize production trend Estate and smallholder agriculture Agriculture as % of recurrent expenditure Constraints to agricultural production Constraints to agriculture production Small landholdings 0.5 ha Low soil fertility Dependence on rain fed agriculture Limited access to agriculture inputs Limited access to credit Labour shortages on own farm due to ganyu Declining land and labour productivity due to Population pressure HIV/AIDS High input costs Constraints to agriculture production continued Maize pricing 1995/96 price band introduced Price band abolished in 2001/02 Government still controlling maize price currently at K10/kg Consequences Maize flows out due to the artificially low at MK10/kg No incentive for farmers to produce more maize than they need. No incentive for estates to grow maize Private traders cannot plan for imports Input/output marketing Output marketing liberalized; maize and tobacco exports controlled. Imports of raw agricultural products subject to duty-free entry. Malawi remains a net food importer Private sector participation in import and export trade in food is liberalized and active Export and Import bans effected. Consumption Declining income levels Inequalities in cons