Physics 2102 Lecture 19.ppt

Physics 2102 Lecture 19 Ch 30: Inductors and RL Circuits What are we going to learn?A road map Inductors: Solenoids “Self”-Inductance of a solenoid Solenoid of cross-sectional area A, length l, total number of turns N, turns per unit length n Field inside solenoid = m0 n i Field outside ~ 0 Example The current in a 10 H inductor is decreasing at a steady rate of 5 A/s. If the current is as shown at some instant in time, what is the magnitude and direction of the induced EMF? The RL circuit Set up a single loop series circuit with a battery, a resistor, a solenoid and a switch. Describe what happens when the switch is closed. Key processes to understand: What happens JUST AFTER the switch is closed? What happens a LONG TIME after switch has been closed? What happens in between? RL circuits Example Immediately after the switch is closed, what is the potential difference across the inductor? (a) 0 V (b) 9 V (c) 0.9 V Example Immediately after the switch is closed, what is the current i through the 10 W resistor? (a) 0.375 A (b) 0.3 A (c) 0 “Charging” an inductor How does the current in the circuit change with time? “Discharging” an inductor Inductors Energy Recall that capacitors store energy in an electric field Inductors store energy in a magnetic field. Example The switch has been in position “a” for a long time. It is now moved to position “b” without breaking the circuit. What is the total energy dissipated by the resistor until the circuit reaches equilibrium? * Physics 2102 Jonathan Dowling Nikolai Tesla Electric charge ? Electric force on other electric charges? Electric field, and electric potential Moving electric charges : current Electronic circuit components: batteries, resistors, capacitors Electric currents ? Magnetic field ? Magnetic force on moving charges Time-varying magnetic field ? Electric Field More circuit components: inductors. Electromagnetic waves ? light waves Geometrical Optics (light rays). Physical optics (light