Principle of LCD Display.ppt

Principle of LCD Display Physics Group Project Group J Members : F. 6 B李佩詩 (11)、吳艷敏 (22)、孫世文(24) 06 May 2K1 Contents 1.?? What’s Liquid Crystals (LC) 2.?? Introduction to Liquid Crystal Displays 3.?? Operating Principle 4.?? Display Addressing 5. ? Applications A) Thin Film Transistor (TFT) B) Alpha-numeric Display C) Back Lighting System 6. Reference 1.?? What’s Liquid Crystals (LC) intermediary substance between a liquid and solid state of matter.e.g. soapy water light passes through liquid crystal changes when it is stimulated by an electrical charge. Examples of LCs 2.?? Introduction to Liquid Crystal Displays Consists of an array of tiny segments (called pixels) that can be manipulated to present information. Using polarization of lights to display objects. Use only ambient light to illuminate the display. Common wrist watch and pocket calculator to an advanced VGA computer screen Different types of LCDs Passive Matrix LCDs (AMLCD) and Active Matrix LCDs (AMLCD) Passive Twisted Nematic Displays (TNLCD) Super Twisted nematic LCD (STNLCD) Thin Film Transistor LCD (TFT LCD) Reflective LCD Rear Projection LCD 3. Operating Principle The parallel arrangement of liquid crystal molecules along grooves When coming into contact with grooved surface in a fixed direction, liquid crystal molecules line up parallel along the grooves. 3. Operating Principle Molecules movement Offline (no voltage is applied) Along the upper plate : Point in direction a Along the lower plate : Point in direction b‘ Forcing the liquid crystals into a twisted structural arrangement. (Resultant force) 3. Operating Principle Light movement Offline (no voltage is applied) Light travels through the spacing of the molecular arrangement. The light also twists as it passes through the twisted liquid crystals. Light bends 90 degrees as it follows the twist of the molecules. Polarized light pass through the analyzer (lower polarizer). 3. Operating Principle Molecules movement Online (voltage