计算机安全-翻译(井凯).docVIP

南 京 工 程 学 院 毕业设计文献资料翻译 （原文及译文） 原文名称： Computer security 课题名称： 基于Windows平台的个人防火墙研究与设计 学生姓名： 井 凯 学 号： 208050517 指导老师： 郭 丽 红 所在系部： 通信工程学院 专业名称： 通信工程(计算机通信) 2009 年 3 月 南 京 目录 英文原文： 3 Computer security 3 Hardware mechanisms that protect computers and data 3 Secure operating systems 4 Security architecture 5 Security by design 5 Early history of security by design 6 Secure coding 6 中文翻译： 8 计算机安全 8 保护计算机和数据的硬件机制 8 安全的操作系统 8 安全架构 9 安全设计 9 早期历史的安全设计 10 安全代码 10  英文原文： 原文地址：/wiki/Computer_security Computer security From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about computer security through design and engineering. Computer security is a branch of technology known as information security as applied to computers. The objective of computer security varies and can include protection of information from theft or corruption, or the preservation of availability, as defined in the security policy. Computer security imposes requirements on computers that are different from most system requirements because they often take the form of constraints on what computers are not supposed to do. This makes computer security particularly challenging because it is hard enough just to make computer programs do everything they are designed to do correctly. Furthermore, negative requirements are deceptively complicated to satisfy and require exhaustive testing to verify, which is impractical for most computer programs. Computer security provides a technical strategy to convert negative requirements to positive enforceable rules. For this reason, computer security is often more technical and mathematical than some computer science fields. Typical approaches to improving computer security (in approximate order of strength) can include the following: Physically limit access to computers to only those who will not compromise security. Hardware mechanisms that impose rules on computer programs, thus avoiding depending on