高三英语总复习课件：语法8虚拟语气.pptVIP

专项语法八　虚拟语气 要点精析 一、虚拟语气用于状语从句中 1．虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 例　(2010·天津，15)—John went to the hospital alone. —If he________me about it, I would have gone with him. A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told 解析：句意：“约翰自己去的医院。”“如果他告诉我的话，我就和他一起去了。”本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时。故D项正确。 答案：D 2．虚拟条件句和主句动作如发生的时间不一致，主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式，这种句子叫做错综时间条件句。 If I were you, I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚那部电影了。(现在→过去) If they had left home in early morning, they would arrive in half an hour.要是他们一大早离开家的话，再过半个小时就该到了。(过去→将来) 例　(2010·北京，34)—The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables______. A．wouldnt die B．didnt die C．hadnt died D．wouldnt have died 解析：句意：“天气又热又干燥。”“是的，要是稍微下点儿雨，现在的情况就会更好一些！那样我的蔬菜就不会死掉了。”由条件句中的had rained可以推出这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，但是主句有时间状语now，所以用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气would be；最后一句话也是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用wouldnt have died。 答案：D 3．有时虚拟条件不用从句，而是通过上下文或用介词短语等表示出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。常用的介词有with, without, but for等。 But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded. 要不是你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。 Without electricity life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。 She wasnt feeling well, otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early. 她感到不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。 例　(2009·安徽)But for their help，we________the program in time. A．can not finish B．will not finish C．had not finished D．could not have finished 解析：句意：如果不是他们的帮助，我们就不能及时完成这个项目。根据句意，选用could not have finished表示与过去相反。 答案：D 二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 1．用于wish后的宾语从句中 与现在事实相反，用were或动词的过去式；与过去事实相反，用had＋过去分词或would/could have done；表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。 I wish she were here. 她在这儿就好了。 I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我们一起去。 I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了。 2．用在表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句中。常见的动词有：suggest, advise, propose, command, request, insist, recommend等。宾语从句中谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 He demands that he(should)be told everything. 他要求将一切告诉他。 Janes pale face suggested that she was ill, and her parents suggested that she(should)have