英美文学考核完整笔记.doc

英国文学 Chapter I The Renaissance Period 一、学习目的和要求 　　通过本章学习，了解文艺复兴运动和人文主义思潮产生的历史，文化背景，认识该时期文学创作的基本特征和基本主张，及其对同时代及后世英国文学乃至文化的影响；了解该时期重要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构，人物刻画，语言风格，思想意义等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品，了解其思想内容和写作特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。 二、考核要求 (一) 文艺复兴时期概述 　　1. 识记：（1）文艺复兴时期的界定 　　　　　　 （2）历史文化背景 　　2. 领会: （1）文艺复兴运动的意义与影响 　　　　　　 （2）文艺复兴时期的文学特点 　　　　　　 （3）人文主义的主张及对文学的影响 　　3. 应用：文艺复兴，人文主义及玄学诗等名词的解释 　Brief Introduction to the Renaissance Period 　I. 应用　 　Definitions of the Literary Terms: 　1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14th 17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe. The Renaissance, which means rebirth or revival, is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the re-discovery of ancient Roman Greek culture, the new discoveries in geography astrology, the religious reformation the economic expansion. The Renaissance, therefore, in essence is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church. 　2. Humanism: Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the ancient authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things. Through the new learning, humanists not only saw the arts of splendor and enlightenment, but the human values represented in the works. Renaissance humanists found in the classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human bein