论哈代综合悲剧观的体现和形成原因 .docVIP

On Hardy’s Comprehensive Concept of Tragedy and the Reasons for Its Formation Abstract: Thomas Hardy is the most famous writer of 19th century, called as “the father of tragedy”. In his series of novels, he mainly criticizes the capitalist civilization. In the Victorian period, capitalist invasion of rural areas made peasants confront bankruptcy . As a result, the life of the people in the villages was very miserable. Hardy witnesses the tragic scenes of the people in the rural areas and he supposes all of the scenes are caused by the capitalism. As a humanist, Hardy wants to search for a way to rescue the people, but because of the limitations of the society and Hardy himself, he can’t find a correct way, thus Hardy’s thoughts also experience a series of changes. He is affected by The Theory Of Evolution and The Theory Of The Social Evolution, meanwhile he forms his own theory. Instead of finding a correct way, he gradually forms the tragic attitude. Tess is one of the most famous novels by Hardy, and Hardy’s comprehensive concept of tragedy was totally expressed in Tess. The thesis mainly analyzes Tess’s tragic fate and the reasons of the forming of Hardy’s comprehensive concept of tragedy. Key Words: fatal tragedy; character tragedy; social tragedy; comprehensive tragedy 论哈代综合悲剧观的体现和形成原因 摘 要：托马斯哈代是19世纪英国著名的小说家，哈代中后期的小说带有浓重的悲剧色彩，因此哈代被誉为“悲剧之父”。 他对资本主义文明的发展采取了坚决批判的态度。在19世纪中叶，资本主义侵入农村，资本主义机器文明的侵入致使农村大量的手工业者面临破产的境界。哈代亲眼目睹了这一切，作为一个人道主义者，哈代想要找到一条出来解决这一情况，但由于时代和自身的局限性，哈代并没有找到解决办法，他接受了达尔文的进化论以及叔本华的社会进化论，并从中形成了自己的理论-在哈代这一系列的探索中，哈代逐渐形成了自己的悲剧观，在哈代的小说《苔丝》中，这种悲剧色彩尤为明显。本文旨在通过对苔丝悲剧命运的解析，来阐述哈代的综合悲剧观以及深入探讨分析哈代的综合悲剧观形成的原因，以及其具体表现。 关键词：命运悲剧；性格悲剧；社会悲剧；综合悲剧观 CONTENTS Introduction 1 1. Brief Introduction of Thomas Hardy and Tess of the D’udbervilles 1 1.1 The Main Content of Tess Of The D’udbervill 1 1.1.1 The Brief Introduction of the Creation 1 1.1.2 The Evolution of Tess of The D’udbervilles 2 2. Thoma Hardy’s Expression of Comprehensive Concept of Tragedy in Tess of The D’udberv