国家水污染防治“十二五”战略与政策框架.pdfVIP

中国环境科学 2013,33(2) ：377~383 China Environmental Science 国家水污染防治“十二五”战略与政策框架 * 马乐宽,王金南,王 东 (环境保护部环境规划院,北京 100012) 摘要：为对我国“十二五”水污染防治工作的宏观部署提供支持,在剖析水污染防治内涵的基础上,深入分析了“十二五”形势, 明确了“十 二五”总体定位,提出了包含水污染物排放总量、水环境质量和水生态在内的目标指标体系, 以“削减总量-改善质量-防范风险”为主线, 设计了加强饮用水水源保护等 6 项战略任务,制定了基于“流域-控制区-控制单元”三级分区体系实施分级防治和分类指导的空间战略, 较全面地列出了保障水污染防治工作有序开展的政策、法规和制度,从而描绘出我国“十二五”水污染防治的战略与政策框架,可为“十 二五”水污染防治规划编制等工作及相关管理决策提供参考. 关键词：水污染防治；“十二五”；规划；战略；政策 中图分类号：X321 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2013)02-0377-07 The strategy and policy framework for water pollution control in China during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. * MA Le-kuan, WANG Jin-nan, WANG Dong (Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China). China Environmental Science, 2013,33(2)：377~383 Abstract ：In order to support the decision-making on water pollution control in China during the “Twelfth Five-Year”, we proposed a strategy and policy framework in this paper. We first clarified the connotation of Water Pollution Control, then analyzed the situation, suggested the objectives and their corresponding indicators, designed six major tasks in the light of the “reducing the total amount of pollutants discharged – improving the aquatic environment – preventing risks” guideline, proposed a spatial system of “watershed – control area – control unit” for arranging the detailed projects, and listed the necessary policies, statutes and rules for promoting water pollution control. This framework can serve as reference for planning of and decision-making on water pollution control. Key words ：water pollution control ；the twelfth five-year ；planning ；strategy；policy 战略作为指导全局的谋略,其研究在各个领 现.如美国的水环境战略规划主要是强调目标与 域均具有十分重要的意义.在环境保护事业发展 措施的针对性, 以保障清洁安全的水为目标,针对 初期,水环境保护方面的战略研究即已引起我国 国家地表水、地下水、海洋和湿地等建立了详细 学者的关注[1,2], 围绕