围湖造田对土壤碳矿化及水溶性有机碳的影响.doc

大学本科毕业论文 题目：围湖造田对土壤碳矿化及水溶性有机碳的影响 学 院：南方学院 专 业： 学 号：学生姓名： 指导教师： 职 称： 围湖造田对土壤碳矿化及水溶性有机碳的影响 中国是传统的农业大国，出于农业发展的需要，上世纪60年代前后围湖造田在长江中下游地区成为一种普遍的现象。通过围湖来增加土地，一方面促进了经济发展和社会进步，但另一方面大大缩减了湖泊面积，改变了湖泊的自然演变进程。围湖地区土壤有机碳稳定性较差，围湖造田作为人类对自然生态系统的一种干扰方式，可能显著改变原有生态系统的碳循环，因此应该对围湖造田对生态系统碳循环的影响给予充分考虑。 本研究以太湖地区肖甸湖森林公园为实验地，选择围湖造田后的四种不同的土地利用类型为对象，研究其土壤碳的矿化和水溶性碳的变化特征。结果表明，土壤在培养过程中，水溶性有机碳含量随培养时间的延长而显著增加；三种森林土壤的总有机碳含量显著高于农田； 研究结果一方面表明了来源于森林植被的枯落物比农田农作物残渣分解后产生的有机质更丰富，另一方面由于农田表层受人为干扰较大，刺激了微生物活性，使其有机物分解更快。而10~25 cm农田有机质含量相对较大，则表明改土层受人为干扰较小。 关键词：围湖造田；土地利用类型；土壤有机碳的矿化；土壤微生物生物量碳  Abstract China is a traditional agricultural country with a huge population. In the late 1950s, reclaiming land from lakes had emerged as a common activity in order to expand cultivated land to meet the needs of an increasing population. Reclaiming land from lakes as a special land use way on the one hand could increase the cultivaied area, but on the other hand it usually changed the natural evolution process of lake ecosystem. Land use change may cause the difference of vegetation types growing on the soil, which determine the input of carbon source. Namely, land use could lead to the changes of carbon cycle in soil as well as in atmosphere. Therefore, the influence of the reclaiming land from lakes to carbon cycle in ecological system should be taken fully into account. In this study, we chose four land use types of soils under reclaiming land from lakes at the Xiaodian Lake Forest Park (31°10′N, 120°48′E), located in the northeast of Wujiang City, Jiangsu province, east China. We determined the soil organic carbon and the dynamics of water soluble organic carbon content in the process of soil mineralization. The result showed that the soil organic carbon under three kinds of forest was significantly higher than the farmland, and the content of water soluble organic carbon was increasing with the mineralization time. It suggested that the litter from forest could supply more carbon to soils