2012牛津上海版七上Chapter 4《Numbers：Everyone’s language》ppt课件.pptVIP

* Chapter Four Oxford English 8A Ancient numbers Greek Egyptian (希腊的; 希腊人; 希腊语) (埃及的;埃及人) Roman Ⅰ=1 Ⅴ=5 Ⅹ=10 L=50 C= 100 D= 500 M=1000 III=3， Ⅳ=4， Ⅵ=6， ⅩⅨ=19， ⅩⅩ=20， ⅩLⅤ= MCMⅩⅩC= 1980 45 Chinese 壹 贰 叁 肆 伍 陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟 万 Who invented these numbers? 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Who invented “zero”? Why was it a very important invention? Indian Arabian number It made it easier to write big numbers and to calculate. 30% a percentage n.百分数, 百分比 60 o a number showing degrees n.度数, 度, a protractor a pair of compasses √ 56 square root 平方根 What are these? a decimal number adj. 小数的, n.小数 0.824 a pair of odd number adj. 奇数的, 单数的, 不成对的, 51 89 a fraction n. 分数 5 6 a pair of even number adj. 偶数的 32 158 + add ; plus - subtract , minus x multiply, times ÷ divide = equals Calculating machines an abacus bead one of the first calculating machines fast and accurate used today electronic calculator a modern calculating machine can add , subtract, multiply and divide can calculate percentages and square roots Why do you often use it? computer a very powerful calculating machine can do a calculation that you could not do in your whole lifetime brain living computer Which is more powerful? Shakuntala Devi 7 686 369 774 870 × 2 465 099 745 779 =? 18 947 668 177 995 426 462 773 730 28 seconds How long did it take her to work out this problem? an Indian lady 916748676920039158098660927585380162483106680144308622407126516427934657040867096593279205767480806790022783016354924852380335745316935111903596577547340075681688305620821016129132845546805780158806771 How long did it take to solve this problem? a = 23 a = ? Shakuntala Devi: seconds Computer : seconds 546,372,891 50 60 like lighting in a flash 1. Say something about numbers. 2. The development of calculating machines. + add ; plus - 18 + 26 = 44 subtract , minus 87 - 24 = 63 = equals A: Add 18 and 26 B:18 plus 26 is/eq