2015高考英语（人教版）大一轮法语复习专项：定语从句.docVIP

语法专项(二)　定语从句 考点一　关系代词that与which的用法区别 1．关系代词指代物，而引导词只用which不用that的情况。 (1)关系代词指物，作介词宾语的时候。 This is the question about which they have had so much discussion in the past few weeks. 这是他们在过去几周讨论了多次的问题。 [考题印证] (2012·成都摸底考试)China has 56 nationalities, each of ________ has its own characteristics, forming the various and colorful Chinese culture. A．them B．what C．that D．which 解析：句意：中国有56个民族，每个民族都有自己的特点，它们形成了丰富多彩的中国文化。根据语意可知此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为nationalities。 答案：D (2)关系代词指前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句时。 He failed in the exam, which made his father angry. 他考试不及格，这使他父亲很生气。 [考题印证] (2013·安徽，29)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true. A．it B．that C．what D．which 解析：本题考查定语从句。句意：莫言在2012年被授予诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人长期以来的梦想之一变成了现实。分析句子结构可知，此处要用连词，引导定语从句，故排除A、C两项；根据句中的逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，故排除B项。 答案：D 2．that和which都指物时，在下列四种情况下一般用that而不用which。 (1)当先行词是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时。 There was little that I could do for you. 我不能为你做什么。 That is all that I want to say. 那就是我想要说的。 (2)当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 (3)当先行词被the very, the only, just等修饰时。 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。 Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一外国人。 [考题印证] (2012·烟台二诊)—Is that the small town you often refer to? —Right, just the one ________ you know I used to work for years. A．that B．which C．where D．what 解析：考查定语从句。语意：——这就是你时常提到的小镇吗？——对，你知道的，我在那里工作了几年。定语从句的先行词the one指的就是the small town，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where来引导，you know是插入语，在句子中不作任何成分。 答案：C (4)当人和物同时作先行词时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？ [考题印证] (2012·江苏启东模考)They talked for about an hour of things and people ________ they remembered in the school. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，定语从句中缺少宾语，而先行词是things and people，既有人又有