动名词Peggie.ppt

　二、动名词的句法功能 （一）动名词作主语 （二）动名词作宾语 （三）动名词作表语 （四）动名词作定语 admit She admitted having read the letter. I admit breaking the window. avoid They all avoided mentioning that name. I walked fast to avoid being overtaken. consider He considered going to see Mary in person. escape There is no way to escape doing the work. excuse Excuse my opening your letter by mistake. 动名词与不定式的（根本）区别 动名词：抽象、一贯 不定式：具体、一次性 动名词与不定式作宾语的区别 vt. + doing/to do 皆可 begin/start doing/to do e.g. We started to learn/learning English five years. 例外：两种情况只能 to do ①begin/start后面跟表示心理活动的词 I begin to realize how stupid I was. ②begin/start本身是进行时 It’s beginning to snow. ③主语是物，不能用doing The ice began to melt. 2. vt. + doing 已展开 vt. + to do 未展开（要去做。。。） I remember visiting his parents when I went to the town. I’ll remember to visit his parents when I go to the town. He has forgotten switching off the light. He forgot to switch off the light when he left. 大不同 mean/try/go on/help/stop/ regret mean to do/doing try to do/doing go on to do/doing help (to) do can’t help doing stop to do/doing eg He meant to stay in the local hotel for another two days. Missing the train means having to stay in the hotel for another two days. He tried teaching the children in a new way. He tried to make himself understood by the children. He paused and then went on explaining the text. After finishing a pop song, he went to sing a folk song. She couldn’t help admiring the painting. My suggestion couldn’t help improve their service. The couple stopped quarrelling when they heard the doorbell. The couple stopped to answer the door. 动名词作定语和分词作定语的区别 动名词作定语： 表用途、属性 分词作定语：表动作 Examples: a flying school-----a flying bird a sleeping car-----a sleeping baby 三、动名词的时态 四、动名词的被动语态 （一）一般式 （being done) （二）完成式（having been done) 五、动名词的复合结构 (P.225) * 动名词 do+ing doing 名词 可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语 动 动词 动名词 谓语 非谓语 1 构成 2 功能 3 时态 4 语态 5 复合结构 6 名词化 动名词 一、动名词及动名词短语的构成 1. 构成方式： having been done having done 完成