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疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词 “疑问词 + ever ”可分为两类，“疑问代词 + ever ”： whatever / whichever / whoever （宾格 whomever ）和“疑问副词 + ever ”： wherever / whenever / however. 不论是“疑问代词 + ever ”还是“疑问副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该疑问词的本义”。 1. “疑问代词 + ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句）。 （1）引导让步状语从句。此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no matter + what / who / which”。 Whatever happened， he wouldnt say a word. No matter what happened， he wouldnt say a word. Whoever says so， it is wrong. No matter who says so， it is wrong. Whichever dictionary you （may） take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. No matter which dictionary you （may） take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. 注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来，从句中也常用情态动词 may / might （2）引导名词性从句。例如： Whoever smokes here will be punished. （主语从句） Beggars will eat whatever they are given. （宾语从句） Whichever he likes will be given to him. （主语从句） You may invite whoever / whomever you like. （常用 whoever 代替 whomever） 此时它们都不能换成“ no matter + 疑问词”的形式，但 whoever 等于 anyone who， whatever 等于 anything that. 2. “疑问副词 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引导一种类型的从句，即让步状语从句，此时它们分别等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。例如： Wherever he goes （may go）. Ill follow him. No matter where he goes （may go），Ill follow him. Whenever I visited him， he was always busy working. No matter when I visited him， he was always busy working. However late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. No matter how late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. 注意：当 however 用作连接副词时也可引导名词性从句，而 whenever/ wherever 则不能引导名词性从句。例如： Ill give you however much money you need. （宾语从句，此时 however 不能改成 no matter how ）。 3. 另外， whatever / whichever / whoever 与 whenever / wherever / however 分别可相当于 what / which / who 与 when / where / how 的强调式，引起的特殊疑问句往往是简单句，与原疑问词的意思、用法完全相同，只是表达的语气更为强烈，翻译时可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如： What（ever） are you doing ？ 你（到底）在干什么？ Which（ever） do you want to buy ？ 你（究竟）要买哪一个？ Who（ever） told you such a foolish story？ （究竟）是谁讲给你这么蠢的事？ When（ever） can I