英美文学重要笔记精华版流泪推荐！.doc

英美文学重要笔记，精华版，流泪推荐！ Old English 450-1066 <Beowulf> Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry <The Canterbury Tales> first time to use 'heroic couplet' The Renaissance - rebirth or revival Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being & the importance of the present life Edmund Spenser - the poets' poet <The Faerie Queene> Christopher Marlowe - University Wits, the pioneer of English drama Blank verse, hyperbole夸张 <Dr. Faustus> the human passion for knowledge, power and happiness <The Passionate Shepherd to His Love> pastoral life William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear & Macbeth <Sonnet 18> eternal or immortal beauty <The Merchant of Venice> to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, to expose the insatiable greed and brutality <Hamlet> hesitate between fact and fiction, language and action, too sophisticated to degrade his nature to the conventional role of a stage revenger To be, or not to be - to live on in this world or to die; to suffer or to take action Soliloquy or monologue - fully reveal the inner conflict of the characters Francis Bacon - brevity, compactness & powerfulness, his essays is an important landmark in the development of English proseInductive method 归纳法 in place of deductive method 演绎法<Of Studies> uses and benefits of study - studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Studies perfect nature, and are perfected by experience. Different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies - studies and experience are complementary 互补 to each other. The correct attitude to reading books - to weigh and consider. How studies exert influence over human character - reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. John Donne <I>meta</I>physical poetry - break away from love poetry, a