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- 2016-09-14 发布于广东
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第1节 定价概述 What is Price? Rent Tuition Fee服务费 Fare Rate(按一定收费标准的,如水电气) 费用 Interest Toll Premium Honorarium(给与演讲者等的) 酬谢金 Bribe Dues会费 第1节 定价概述 价格是围绕价值波动的 Considerations in Setting Price 第1节 定价概述 第1节 定价概述 Internal Factors Affecting Pricing Decisions Organizational considerations: Must decide who within the organization should set prices. This will vary depending on the size and type of company. 非营利组织和公共事业组织有另外一些定价目标,包括: 大学追求回收部分成本 医院追求回收全部成本 剧院考虑最大的上座率 Figure Demand Curve 需求弹性:指价格变动而引起的需求量相应变化的程度。它反映需求对价格变动反映的灵敏度。 需求弹性用弹性系数E表示,公式: Demand Curves Upwards Sloping Demand Gibson was surprised to learn that its high-quality instruments didn’t sell as well at lower prices, indicating that their demand curve runs counter to the norm and slopes upward. Monopolistic Competition In a monopolistic competitive market, many different sellers offer products over a wide range prices. Moen sets its bath fixtures apart through strong branding and advertising, reducing the impact of price. 产品价格= 例:某企业一种产品的月生产能力为6 000件,分摊的固定成本为100 000元,单位产品变动成本为34元,产品税率为10%。问: (1)若销量为2 500件时,价格应为多少,企业才不亏损? (2)若价格为每件60元时,应达到多大的销售量,企业才能保本? (3)当价格为每件60元时,企业若要每月达到20 000元的利润,其销量应为多少? 解:(1)目标产量为2 500件时的保本价格 目标成本= +34=74(元) 产品价格= =82.22(元) (2)价格为每件60元时的保本量 Figure 9.2Value-based Pricing vs. Cost-based Pricing Promotional Pricing International Pricing 第3节 定价策略 新产品定价策略 Four Introductory Marketing Strategies Price - Quality Strategies Public Policy and Pricing 复习题 企业在定价时应该考虑哪些因素?怎样对这些因素进行分析? 在什么样的条件下需求可能缺乏弹性?需求的交叉弹性的涵义是什么? 价格折扣主要有哪几种类型?其涵义分别是什么? 你认为成本导向定价法有何不足? “总成本最低能使企业保持绝对优势”的提法是否合理? 依托网络进行产品定价的优势? 观察你熟悉的一种消费品,分析它的定价策略,以及该定价策略特点。 Demand Curves This CTR corresponds to Figure 12-4 on p. 424 and relates to the discussion on pp. 348-351. Price Demand Relationship A demand curve show the number of units the market will buy in a given time period at various prices. The price elasticity of demand illustrates how responsive demand will be to a change in
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