现代分析测试技术分子结构分析概论.ppt

* * This is actual dispersive Raman microscope data from a three layer laminate of a hot dog wrapper. These three spectra were taken at the depths noted in the figure. It is easy to see the spectra of the different layers. It is important to emphasize that there is no sample preparation, no microtome and no need to cut thin cross-sections. Simply place the polymer flat on the scope stage and begin focusing. * The next three slides will demonstrate that the sample will determine which laser is optimum for the analysis. In these spectra of Silicon, it is obvious that the 521 cm-1 band of silicon is hidden under the huge phonon fluorescence when using the 1064 nm FT-Raman laser. At 785 nm with a dispersive system, you see the 521 cm-1 band clearly, but the phonon fluorescence is still obvious and could interfere with other information in the spectrum. The 532 nm data is clean and free from fluorescence and should be used for this analysis * * 从这里可以看出，通过离焦的方式，可以很有效的降低激光的功率密度，但是，拉曼强度的降低却比单纯降低激光的功率少。 * The dependence of the surface-enhanced Raman spectra of oligonucleotide assembled on a SERS-active gold surface on the deviation distance of the sample to the ideal focal plane. Confocal size is 800 um and the objective is x50 long working distance objective. The laser power on the sample is 5 mW. * 水的拉曼散射极弱。 * Trading spectral resolution for throughput Intensity increases 7 fold, resolution decreases 5 fold 100 um 30 um 15 um Increasing the entrance slit increases throughput but decreases resolution Raman spectrum of CCl4, 10 - 1 sec accumulations with different slit setting * 五 拉曼光谱应用 拉曼光谱是一种快速、简单、可重复无损分析技术 只要涉及分子组成和分子微环境变化 (包括结构、构型、构像、有序性 、分子相互作用、相变化等)的现象都可用拉曼光谱来研究. 拉曼光谱是在化学、化工、聚合物、药物、刑侦生物和医学，食品、珠宝、材料、地质、考古、环境等领域都有巨大前景的分析技术 * 1 拉曼光谱在化学研究中的应用 有机化学：结构鉴定和分子相互作用 无机化合物：配位化合物的组成、结构和稳定性等信息， 晶型结构。 催化化学：催化剂及表面上物种的结构信息，催化剂制备过程进行实时研究。 电化学：分子水平上研究电化学界面结构、吸附和反应等基础问题 * 2 拉曼光谱在高分子材料中的应用 （1）化学结构和立构性判断 （2）组分定量分析 （3）晶相与无定形相的表征以及聚合物结晶过程的监测。 （4）高分子反应的聚合、裂解和结晶等动力学过程研究。 （5）高分子分