从Equivalence看奈达与卡特福德的翻译理论.docVIP

从Equivalence看奈达与卡特福德的翻译理论 摘要：西方翻译理论的不断发展对中国翻译研究产生了深远的影响，奈达的动态对等翻译理论传入中国打破了严复“信达雅”一统翻译天下的局面，卡特福德的语言学翻译理论又从一个全新的角度阐释了翻译的实质，本文比较二者的翻译理论及各自对实践的指导意义。 关键词：对等; 形式; 翻译理论 Abstract: The development of western translation theory have a great influence upon Chinese translation studies. The “dynamic equivalence” of Nida changed the state of monopoly by traditional Chinese translation of YanFu’s “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance”. In addition, J. C. Catford explained the nature of translation in linguistic angle, which is novel and scientific. The article compares the two theories and their respective meanings in translation practice. Key words: equivalence; form; translation theory In 1970s, American translation theorist Eugene A. Nida’s book The Theory and Practice of Translation which is based on TG Grammar was published. The translation process put forward in this book has a different angle with the traditional Chinese impressive and empirical translation method. Besides, the translation model described in this book makes translation accessible to technical operation and the translation theory discussed in this book also sets a standard and basis for translation practice. It is believed that Nida has made great contribution to translation practice in a more specific and concrete way with his “functional equivalence” theory. While by contrast, Catford proclaimed the nature of translation from abstract linguistic level and solved the problem of what is translation. A Linguistic Theory of Translation by Catford reveals the nature of translation and translation equivalence from a new angle based on systematic functional grammar. 1. Equivalence in Nida and Catford’s explanation Nida proposed that “Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closet natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.”(Nida, 12) Catford suggests that “Translation is the replacement of textual material in one lang