美国公共行政.pptVIP

Thank you! * * * /products/pubs/oecon/ Group 6 Member:王超 李东惠 梁岚 吕程 spokesperson ：王超 Our Topic ???? Discuss social (“new”) regulation in the United States, and the factors that appear to have led to its emergence. Compare and contrast it with economic (“old”) regulation? Contents 2 What is regulation ? 3 1 The future of regulation 3 4 The history of American regulation. 3 3 social regulation economic regulation. Regulation is controlling human or social behaviour by rules or restrictions.[ promulgated by a government authority legal restrictions by government Government regulation e.g. through a trade association self-regulation Some forms of regulations The reasons of Regulation 1. Market failures - regulation due to inefficiency. Intervention due to a classical economics argument to market failure. Risk of monopoly Collective action, or public goods Inadequate information Unseen externalizations 2. Collective desires - regulation about collective desires or considered judgements on the part of a significant segments of society 3. Diverse experiences - regulation with a view of eliminating or enhancing opportunities for the formation of diverse preferences and beliefs 4. Social subordination - regulation aimed to increase or reduce social subordination of various social groups 5. Endogenous preferences - regulations purpose is to affect the development of certain preferences on an aggregate level 6. Irreversibility - regulation that deals with the problem of irreversibility – the problem in which a certain type of conduct from current generations results in outcomes from which future generations may not recover from at all. 7. Interest group transfers - regulation that results from efforts by self-interest groups to redistribute wealth in their favor, which may disguise itself as one or more of the justifications above. Efficient regulations ◆ Regulations, like any other form of coercive action, have costs